Study Notes on Biomolecules: Introduction to Biomolecules

BIOMOLECULES

Lesson One: Introduction to Biomolecules

COLOUR CODING IN THE PRESENTATION

  • Purple: Lesson Objectives – What you should know by the end of the lesson.

  • Orange: Key Terminology – Vocabulary you should be able to define & use when answering questions.

  • Green: Lesson content for the day.

  • Blue: Classwork / Homework – Due the next time you see me (if you are absent, you need to check these slides & return to school with the homework complete).

  • Yellow: Support Resources / Activities for extra practice if you are lost or confused.

  • Red: Extension Resources – If you are feeling confident, or are studying for a test and want to extend yourself, try these activities.

LESSON OBJECTIVES

Knowledge & Understanding

  • Define organic and inorganic compounds.

  • Explain the significance of carbon in forming biological molecules.

  • Identify examples of organic and inorganic compounds in living organisms.

Scientific Skills

  • Analyse simple case studies and classify compounds as organic or inorganic.

  • Use correct scientific terminology when discussing compounds.

Application

  • Explain how the distinction between organic and inorganic compounds affects the types of biomolecules found in cells.

  • Apply case study information to real-life or nutritional examples.

KEY TERMINOLOGY FOR LESSON

  • Organic Compounds: Compounds mainly composed of carbon atoms.

  • Inorganic Compounds: Compounds that do not primarily consist of carbon.

  • Carbon Backbone: The framework of carbon atoms in organic molecules that supports other elements and defines the molecular structure.

RECAP: WHAT IS BIOLOGICAL ORGANISATION?

  • Related to living things: Living organisms must be organized in specific ways to function and survive.

  • Arrange in a particular order: Biological organization refers to the structured arrangement of life forms from simplest to most complex.

BIOLOGICAL ORGANIZATION

Definition

  • All living organisms are arranged in a particular order, ensuring their survival.

RECAP: WHAT MAKES UP A HUMAN BODY?

The Hierarchical Structure of the Human Body:

  1. Atoms: Basic units of matter.

  2. Molecules: Formed by atoms bonded together.

  3. Cell Organelles: Specialized structures within cells that perform distinct functions.

  4. Cells: The fundamental units of life.

  5. Tissue: Groups of similar cells that perform a specific function.

  6. Organs: Complex structures made of different tissues that work together.

  7. Body Systems: Groups of organs that work together to perform complex functions.

  8. Human Body: The whole organism.

MAINTAINING ORGANIZATION IN THE HUMAN BODY

  • To maintain this organization, humans consume both organic and inorganic compounds essential for survival.

Inorganic Compounds

  • Defined as compounds that we might not be certain of their origin.

  • Examples include water, minerals, and gases.

Organic Compounds

  • Composed of carbon atoms and produced by living organisms.

IDENTIFICATION OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC COMPOUNDS NEEDED FOR SURVIVAL

Organic Compounds

  1. Carbohydrates

  2. Lipids & Fats

  3. Proteins (+ Enzymes)

  4. Vitamins

  5. Nucleic Acids

Inorganic Compounds

  1. Water

  2. Mineral salts

  3. Gases

HOMEOSTASIS

Purpose of Homeostasis

  • Definition: Homeostasis is the state of balance within the body's internal environment, maintaining stability despite external changes.

  • Significance: The body needs to maintain homeostasis to ensure optimal functioning of cells and systems, thus enabling survival and health.

INORGANIC COMPOUNDS

Characteristics

  • Inorganic compounds do not contain carbon-hydrogen bonds.

  • Origin of these compounds is often uncertain.

Examples of Inorganic Compounds

  1. Water

  2. Mineral Salts

  3. Gases

CLASS TASK ON INORGANIC COMPOUNDS

  • The class will be divided into three groups.

  • Each group will research a specific inorganic compound focusing on the following aspects:

    1. What is the purpose of the inorganic compound in the human body?

    2. What happens when you consume too much of it?

    3. What happens when you consume too little of it?

  • Groups will present their findings creatively to the class.