Weather, Climate, and Climate Change

Weather

Daily changes in the atmosphere at a particular place and time
Determined By (WTPPC):
- Air temperature
  - Measures how hot or cold the air is
  - Higher temperatures: air molecules move faster, water evaporates faster
- Air pressure
  - Measures the force exerted by air over an area
  - Measured using a barometer
  - High air pressure indicates fair weather
- Precipitation
  - Occurs when vapor condenses into droplets
  - When droplets become heavy, they fall due to gravity
  - Forms of Precipitation
    - Rain, drizzle, shower
    - Snow, ice, hail
  - Depends on temperature and cloud type
- Wind strength and direction
  - Movement of air caused by heat from the sun
  - Air moves from high pressure → low pressure
  - Wind from the sea is cool and moist while wind from the land is warm and dry
- Type of Clouds
  - High Clouds
    - Cirrus, cirrostratus
    - Signs of changing weather
  - Mid-level Clouds
    - Altocumulus, altostratus
  - Low Clouds
    - Cumulus, stratus, cumulonimbus
    - Indicate rain or thunderstorms
PAGASA
- Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration
- Issues daily weather reports
- Operates under the Department of Science and Technology (DOST)

Climate

Average weather pattern of a place over time
Factors that Influence Temperature (LEP):
- Latitude
  - As latitude increases, temperature decreases
  - Earth’s tilt = 23.5
- Elevation
  - As elevation increases, temperature decreases
  - Rate: 6.5 per kilometer
- Proximity to large bodies of water
  - Water heats and cools slowly
Factors that Influence Precipitation (WP)
- Proximity to mountain rangers
- Wind patterns

Wind and Precipitation