PATHFIT-Reviewer

Ancient History of Badminton

  • Origins of Badminton:

    • Played in Ancient China during the Han Dynasty (206 BCE - 220 CE) under the name "ti zhi" or "ti zh".

    • Initially referred to as "bat-and-shuttlecock" or "battledore" in 18th century England.

    • The term "battledore" derives from Old English:

      • "bæt" (bat)

      • "doru" (stick or staff - the racket used).

    • The game was named "Poona" after its place of origin, Poona, India, where it became popular among the upper class.

    • Introduced to England by British soldiers, who played it at the Duke of Beaufort's house in Gloucestershire, leading to the term "Badminton" by the mid-19th century.

Governing Bodies

  • International Badminton Federation (IBF):

    • Established on July 5, 1934, by representatives from multiple countries including Canada, England, France, and others at Bush House in London.

    • Aimed to govern and promote badminton globally.

    • Became an official Olympic sport in the 1992 Barcelona Olympics.

    • Renamed to Badminton World Federation (BWF) in 2006 to reflect its international presence.

Badminton in the Philippines

  • British and American expatriates introduced badminton in the Philippines in the 1920s.

  • The Philippines joined the IBF in 1950.

  • Philippine Badminton Association (PBA):

    • Established in 1952, led by Fidel V. Ramos.

    • Adriano Torres Jr. emerged as the first national singles champion for 7 years.

Notable Figures in Badminton

  • Mr. Percy Buckley:

    • Organized the first open badminton doubles tournament at the Guildford Drill Hall.

  • Prakash Padukone:

    • Referred to as the "Father of Badminton" in India.

  • Thomas R. Gurney:

    • Credited for introducing the shuttlecock.

Equipment

  • Badminton Racket:

    • Essential tool for players, crafted from materials like carbon fiber or aluminum.

    • Key dimensions include:

      • Head width: 220-239 mm

      • Throat: 35 mm

      • Shaft thickness: 6.2-7.2 mm

      • Handle: max 9 inches (25.4 mm)

      • String dimensions: 280 mm long, 220 mm wide

      • Racket length: 27.77 inches.

  • Badminton Shuttlecock:

    • Also called a shuttle or birdie, serves a similar purpose to a ball in other racket sports.

    • Design creates more drag due to feathered shape.

    • General specifications:

      • 16 feathers, length between 2.44 - 2.75 inches,

      • Diameter: 85-95 mm,

      • Cord: hard cord measuring 25-28 mm,

      • Weight: 4.75-5.50 g.

Badminton Net and Court Dimensions

  • Badminton Net:

    • Mesh structure, measuring 5 feet 1 inch high on the sides, 5 feet in the center, and 30 inches wide with 3-inch white tape on top.

  • Court Dimensions:

    • Total size: 20 feet by 44 feet.

    • Net line sectioned into areas:

      • Each side of the net is 22 feet by 20 feet.

      • Short Service Line: 6 feet 6 inches from the center line (Non-Volley Zone).

      • Center Line separates the court.

      • Singles Side Line: 1.5 feet from outer boundary.

      • Back Boundary Line and Long Service Line for singles same as doubles (outermost).

      • Long Service Line for Doubles marked 2.5 feet inside the Back Boundary Line.

Terminologies in Badminton

  • Back Court: Farthest area from the net.

  • Carry: Illegally holding the shuttlecock while hitting.

  • Center Position: Strategic position on the court.

  • Clear Shot: High shot to the back of the opponent’s court.

  • Cross Court Shot: Shot hit diagonally across.

  • Drop Shot: Lightly struck shot over the net.

  • Drive: Powerful flat shot aimed at the opponent’s torso.

  • Faults: Violations including service, net, shuttle, and player's faults.

Common Faults

  • Service Fault: Errors during serving.

  • Net Fault: Touching the net during play.

  • Shuttle Fault: Issues with the shuttlecock before play.

  • Player's Fault: Improper player actions.

Mechanics and Scoring in Badminton

  • Scoring System:

    • Singles: 1 player, Doubles: 2 players per team.

    • Matches are best of 3 games, played to 21 points.

    • Points won by landing shuttlecock in the opponent's court, including on lines.

    • First to reach 21 wins the game, and teams must win 2 games.

    • Points lost for faults, such as out-of-bounds, hitting the net, or double strikes.

Fundamental Skills in Badminton

  • Grip:

    • Forehand Grip: Hold racket like a handshake, forming a V.

    • Backhand Grip: Rotate grip slightly for backhand control.

  • Footwork:

    • Essential for timely reach and balance.

  • Serving Techniques:

    • Low Serve: Forces lift from opponent, facilitating attacking play.

    • High Serve: Pushes opponent to the backcourt for setup.

  • Stroke Techniques:

    • Clear: High return to opponent's back.

    • Drop Shot: Light shot over the net.

    • Smash: Powerful downward shot to conclude rallies.

  • Net Play: Requires delicate control near the net.

Fundamental Drills

  • Footwork Drills:

    • Shadow Footwork: Practice movement without the shuttlecock for speed and positioning.

    • Ladder Drills: Quick small steps to enhance agility.

  • Racket Control Drills:

    • Wall Rally: Hitting the shuttlecock against a wall repeatedly.

    • Net Shot Drill: Practicing delicate shots close to the net.

  • Smash and Drop Shot Drills:

    • Multi-shuttle Smashes: Receive multiple shuttlecocks for consistent smashing practice.

    • Drop Shot Practice: Target aims for drop shot accuracy.

  • Defense Drills:

    • Block and Lift: Drill for blocking smashes and high returns.

    • Defense Against Smash: Partner practice on returning smashes with precision.

Advanced Skills and Mechanics

  • Badminton Ready Position: Foundation for skills and drills, important for stance selection:

    • Attacking Stance: For overhead forehand strokes.

    • Defensive Stance: Positioned to defend against smashes.

    • Net Stance: Prepared for net shot returns.

  • Smash Techniques:

    • Forehand Smash: Common and powerful.

    • Backhand Smash: Challenging but essential.

    • Jumping Smash: Executing a high smash while in jump.

Health-Related Components

  • Cardiorespiratory Endurance: Ability of heart and lungs to support prolonged physical activity.

  • Muscular Endurance: Ability of muscle to exert force repeatedly over time.

  • Muscular Strength: Maximum exertion of muscle, measured by one-repetition maximum (1RM).

  • Body Composition: Ratio of body fat to lean mass.

  • Flexibility: Range of motion available at joints during activity.

Skill-Related Components

  • Agility: Ability to change direction swiftly and effectively.

  • Speed: Time taken to cover distance or perform movement; calculated as distance/time.

  • Balance: Maintaining stability while static (static balance) or in motion (dynamic balance).

  • Power: Maximum force exertion.

  • Reaction Time: Speed of response to stimuli.

  • Coordination: Integrating multiple body parts in activities.