Molar Concentration

  • tells us the number and mass atoms of a substance dissolved in a volume of solution

M= moles of solute/ liters of solution

A.K.A How much stuff is in each liter of substance/how much stuff is there

Avagadro’s Number

mole (m) = 6.02 × 10²³

Molar Mass

  • the amount of matter (in grams) in one mole of substance

  • Mass = how much stuff is in it (not weight)

One mole of carbon has a mass of 12.011 grams

The atomic mass is 12.011

How do we find the molar mass of a molecule?

  • we multiply the molar mass of each element

Example

Molar Mass of Sucrose

Molar Mass of C: 12.01 g/mol

Molar Mass of H: 1.008 g/mol

Molar Mass of O: 16 g/mol

Molar Mass of C12 H12 O12 = (12 × 12.01) + (22 × 1.008) + (11×16) = 342.30 g/mol

Multiply the number of atoms by their mass to find out their total mass

Molarity

  • moles of solute per liter

  • determines if the solution is isotonic, hypotonic, or hypertonic

Higher Molarity = more grams of solute

Lower Molarity = less grams of solute

Mass = Molarity x Volume(L) x molar mass

Percent Change in Mass

(final-initial)/initial * 100