Photosynthesis- Light-Independent reaction using TM

Light Independent reaction used NADPH and ATP to continue the cycle and form simple sugars such as glucose for respiration by using carbon dioxide and is in the stroma

Calvin cyclic

1. Carbon dioxide enters the stroma and combines with Ribulose Bisphosphate (5 carbon) by carbon fixation to an organic compound

2. This creates an unstable molecule so an enzyme called rubisco converts it to Glycerate 3 phosphate (GP)

3. GP is converted into Triose Phosphate (TP) NADPH is oxidised and ATP is hydrolysed into ADP + P and goes back to the LDR

4. TP is converted into useful organic substances (Glucose) also used to regenerate the RUBP (5 out of 6 TP) and uses another ATP to do so