The Actual Study Guide
What are the defining characteristics of Jainism?
Asceticism and ahimsa
For Jains of this world, the immediate goal of religious life is
To achieve a good rebirth
Jain laypeople regard achieving the ultimate aim of salvation as
A distant possibility
Mahavira was born into which caste?
The Kshatriya caste
Buddha was a
Man, not a god
Of the following beliefs or features, which one does Buddhism not share with Hinduism?
The caste system
Gautama finally attained enlightenment when he
Discovered the Four Noble Truths
For Buddhists, Gautama the Buddha is
Not the first or only Buddha
Buddhism holds that salvation must be won through
Efforts of the human mind
The Noble Eight-fold Path sets forth
A life of moderation and ongoing practices
Zen is a unique form of Buddhism that focuses on
The experience of enlightenment
The person most responsible for explaining Zen to the West is
D.T. Suzuki
Which of the following does not describe Zen?
Theological
According to Zen Buddhists, the primary means of attaining enlightenment is
Meditation
Basho was a poet from Kyoto, Japan who was famous of the genre of
Haiku
Koans can be answered only through
Direct insight into reality
Confucius was most concerned with
Promoting and transmitting traditional ways
Confucius viewed nobility as being bestowed by
Birth and steadfast learning
Confucius believed that good government and effective leadership come about through
The cultivation of te
Confucianism emphasizes the
Self as primarily a center of human relationships
The Tao Te Ching was originally named for the man credited with writing it who was
Lao Tzu
Tao is the
Ultimate source of the universe, principle of order in the universe, and the way of nature
The power of virtue an individual acquires through living in harmony with Tao is
Te
Taoism regards moral values as
Relative
In Taoism life and death are
Two harmonious parts of the same whole
The sage attains oneness with Tao through insight regarding its
Simplicity and natural unity
Taoism teaches that when a sage chooses not to compete or argue
The sage emerges victorious
Which of the following describes Taoism´s view of conflict or war?
Admits that warfare is sometimes necessary and encourages pacifism
Shinto is the native religious tradition of
Japan
The Shinto myth
Tells of the divine ancestry of Japan and its people and illustrates that the kami are always present and always close to Japan’s and people
Shinto’s most important deity is
Amaterasu
Shinto regards nature as
Sacred
In ceremonial worship, the kami of the shrine is believed to
Descend into the kami body
The torii is formed by
two upright pillars and a cross beam
The Grand Imperial Shrine at Ise is
dedicated to the sun goddess Amaterasu, the grandest and most famous of all Shinto shrines, and rebuilt every twenty years to ensure purity
In the medieval Japanese tale "The Forty-seven Ronin" the ronin were
revered for having perfectly embodied bushido
Sikhism tries to reconcile the differences between
Hinduism and Islam
Sikhism is
monotheistic
Over the centuries, Sikhs have occasionally engaged in violent confrontations with
Muslims and Hindus
Sikhism's most important sacred text is called
Adi Granth or Sri Guru Granth Sahib
Shortly after Guru Nanak received God's revelation, he
traveled widely
Which of the following was not one of the effects of Guru Arjan's leadership in Sikhism?
Arjan installed the Adi Granth as Guru
Sikhism teaches that the ultimate purpose of life is to
attain complete union with God
Sikh theology maintains that God
dwells within creation and can be approached in a personal way
Haumai
is the human inclination to be self-centered and increases the distance between individuals and God
To symbolize the Sikh community's unity, worship generally ends with
the sharing of a cake made of wheat and honey
God's name appears in the Bible in the Hebrew equivalents of the letters
YHWH
The five books of the Torah are
traditionally believed to have been revealed directly by God and the central statement of Judaism's religious laws
Jews refer to the Hebrew Bible as the
Tanakh
____________received the Law at Mount Sinai and is regarded as the Torah's author.
Moses
It is most accurate to think of the Jews as
an ethnic group that shares a common history and religion
Jews believe that God is
directly involved in history
Torah defines
worship and ethical conduct
Whom did God call to be the father of a great nation, the first patriarch of the Jewish people?
Abraham
The three main pillars of Christianity are
Orthodox, Catholic and Protestant
Which of the following acts did the emperor Constantine perform?
He issued the Edict of Milan, which ended persecution of Christians and he convened the Council of Nicaea.
Who assisted bishops in the early Christian Church?
presbyters and deacons
Paul believed Gentile Christians should
be exempt from most requirements of Torah
What symbolized the unity and equality of early Christians?
Baptism and the shared meal of the Eucharist
Which of the following statements does NOT describe what it means to be a Christian?
believe that Jesus was just a prophet, not the son of God
The Gospel authors strove mainly to
Present Christ's teachings and express the meaning of the events of Christ's life
The primary sources of information about Jesus' life are
the New Testament Gospels
Which of the following events did not happen during the Middle Ages
Constantine declared Christianity a legitimate religion
The Protestant Reformation sparked the
Catholic Reformation (or Counter-Reformation) and the Thirty Years' War between Catholics and Protestants
Islam
Is deeply rooted in the biblical tradition, reveres Jesus Christ and Judaism's great prophets, and has played a crucial role in shaping Western culture, especially during the Middle Ages
The word Muslim means
"one who submits"
Who appeared to Muhammad in a dream on the Night of Power and Excellence?
the archangel Gabriel
Muslims consider Muhammed to be the Seal of the Prophets because they believe that he is
The final prophet, revealing the will of Allah fully and precisely, and for all time
What do Muslims believe leads to sin?
actions which go against the commands of God
In Islam the natural world is
seen as good and worthy of reverence, another form of revelation of God's will, and sometimes referred to as the cosmic Qur'an
All Muslims are required to pray how often each day?
five times
Fasting during Ramadan helps Muslims to
focus attention on moral and religious concerns and thus develop spiritual fortitude, gain insight into the situations of less fortunate people, and come more aware of their own mortality
What proportion of their possessions' value are Muslims required to contribute to a public treasury (known as Zakat) ?
2.5 percent
Rumi is a renown mystic/poet from which tradition?
Sufism
Brahman is the
eternal essence of reality and source of the universe
Krishna compares reincarnation to
getting undressed at night and putting on a different set of clothes in the morning
Hinduism's closest equivalent to the Western term religion is
brahmin
A person's particular dharma is determined by his or her
gender, caste, and stage of life
a wandering ascetic who has advanced to the fourth and highest stage of life is called
sannyasin
Which of these Hindu gods is known for destruction and is worshipped by millions?
Shiva
Which of the following concepts is not one of Hinduism's four goals of life?
shudra, the caste of servants and laborers
Hindu worship includes
household and village rituals, pilgrimages to holy places, and veneration of cows
Which of the following items is part of jnana marga, the path of knowledge?
studying the philosophy of Vedanta, Yoga, or Sankhya
Indigenous religious traditions are generally the traditions of
non-literate people
The foundation of Aboriginal religion is the
concept of the Dreaming
The purpose of the Yoruba religion in Africa is to
guard against the evil deeds of sorcerers and witches and maintain the balance between the human beings of earth and the gods and ancestors of heaven
The Sun Dance is a ritual in which
many North American Plains tribes celebrate the new year and prepare for the annual bison hunt
The Aborigines believe that the spiritual essence of the Ancestors
remains in various symbols the Ancestors left behind, as well as each individual
The Aztec understanding of the axis mundi extended to
human beings and Serpent Mountain
Most indigenous religions believe that the boundaries between the human and supernatural realms are
easily crossed over
The basic dimensions of a religious tradition include
myths/sacred stories, doctrines, and rituals
The understanding of the nature of the universe is called
cosmology
A religion that includes a belief in a personal god or gods is
theistic
What questions does religion seek to respond to
What is the human condition? What is our destiny? What is the ultimate reality?
Many world religions include sacred stories that are passed along from one generation to the next. These are called
myths
Which two things enrich our study of world religions?
comparative methodology and empathy
Cathedrals, temples, statues, and sacred places in nature are all examples of which dimension of religion?
material
The social dimension promotes all of the following except
transcendence
What are some different ways of understanding ultimate reality?
Good luck lol (Google says: Ultimate reality is found in one personal God (Christian). Ultimate reality consists of many divine or semi divine beings (Hindu). All reality is essentially one thing, and human beings are part of this ultimate reality (Buddhism)
Which of these films did we NOT watch in our Interfaith Dialogue class?
Good luck again, but here’s what we did watch :The Whale Rider, Arranged, Babbette’s Feast, Over the Moon