past papers

2022

• explanation of the nature of Khrushchev’s government
• ‘Opposition to the Russian government was more effective in the period from 1855 to
    1917 than in the period from 1917 to 1964.’
• ‘Living and working conditions of rural people changed more in the period from 1917 to
    1964 than in the period from 1855 to 1917.’
• Assess the view that the First World War had more impact on the Russian economy than
    any other war or revolution in the period from 1855 to 1964.

2021

• the impact of Khrushchev’s domestic policies on rural and urban living conditions
• ‘Throughout the years from 1855 to 1964 the methods of repression and enforcement used by Russian governments remained consistent.’ How far do you agree?
• ‘The economic policies of Russian governments consistently failed to benefit the rural population throughout the years from 1855 to 1964.’ How far do you agree?
• War always led to major changes in the government of Russia in the period from 1855 to 1964.’ How far do you agree?

2020

• explanation of the nature and extent of opposition during the rule of Alexander II
• ‘There was little change to the living and working conditions of urban and rural people in Russia during the period from 1855 to 1964.’ How far do you agree?
• ‘The wars that Russia fought in the years from 1855 to 1964 always hindered economic development.’ How far do you agree?
• ‘Russian governments had the most secure control of national minorities and satellite states after 1945.’ How far do you agree with this view of the period from 1855 to 1964

2019

• explanation of the reasons why Alexander II emancipated the serfs
• ‘Opposition to Russian rulers was more successful under the rule of the Tsars than the Communist governments.’ How far do you agree with this view of the period 1855–1964
• ‘The Russo-Japanese war of 1904–1905 changed the lives of the peasantry more than any other war in the period 1855–1964.’ How far do you agree?
• In the period 1855–1964 the lives of the nationalities changed more under the rule of the Communist governments than the Tsars.’ How far do you agree?

2018

• consequences of Alexander II’s Great Reforms
• ‘The Tsars wanted to reform the nature of government more than the communists.’ To what extent do you agree with this view of the period 1855–1964?
• How far was war more responsible for changing the lives of the working class than revolutions in the period 1855–1964?
• ‘The policy of Russification under the Tsars had a greater impact than any other government policy in the period 1855–1964 on the lives of the nationalities in the Russian Empire.’ To what extent do you agree?

2017

• why the Provisional Government was overthrown
• “Lenin advanced the rights of the nationalities more than any other leader in the period from 1855 to 1964.” How far do you agree?
• How far do you agree that the Crimean War had a greater impact on the economy of Russia in the period 1855–1964 than any other war?
• To what extent did the Fundamental Laws of 1906 change Russian government more than any other event in the period 1855–1964?