Notes on Energy Policy and Renewable Subsidies
LCOE and the Impact of Intermittent Renewables
- The Energy Information Agency (EIA) defines the Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) as the estimated revenue needed to build and operate a generator over a specified cost recovery period.
- The LCOE calculation doesn't account for existing generation resources.
- Dispatchable generation is retiring rapidly.
- Wind and solar can negatively impact the LCOE of dispatchable generation.
- Gas, nuclear, and coal plants must reduce output but still have fixed operational costs.
- This is to accommodate intermittent renewable generation.
- Tax incentives for intermittent sources increase the LCOE of firm resources, raising costs for consumers.
The Secretary's Perspective on Energy Sources
- The Secretary supports all sources of affordable, reliable energy.
- The Secretary is not in favor of all sources of energy period; only ones that are affordable, reliable, and secure.
- The LCOE concept is old and was designed to compare always-on dispatchable sources (nuclear, coal, gas).
- LCOE was never intended for sources with intermittent availability.
Analogy for Intermittent Energy
- A premature baby in a life-saving incubator needs consistent power.
- It's unacceptable for the power to turn on only when the wind blows or when the sun is shining.
- There are no customers for electricity that may or may not be available.
Uber Analogy
- Imagine a competitor to Uber with 10% cheaper transport costs.
- However, this competitor doesn't guarantee when or where pickup and drop-off will occur.
- These are two entirely different things.
System Costs and Grid Reliability
- System cost matters, not just generation cost.
- Renewables often have their lowest delivery at peak demand.
- The reliable grid must provide electricity at peak demand.
- A second grid (renewables) comes and goes with the weather.
- Managing both grids together is more expensive and less reliable.
Subsidies and Consumer Costs
- Subsidies for unreliable energy sources can be counterproductive.
- Spending a dollar of subsidy can increase consumer electricity costs by a dollar.
Sunnova and Ethical Concerns
- Sunnova, a residential solar company, received a 3,000,000,000 loan guarantee from the previous administration's Department of Energy (DOE).
- Sunnova filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy.
- Jigar Shah, Biden's loan programs office director, was aware of accusations that Sunnova defrauded seniors.
- Shah allegedly instructed DOE staff to prioritize Sunnova's loan application after attending a dinner hosted by a Sunnova board member.
- The board member's spouse was the former chair of the DNC.
- The DOE inspector general determined that Shah's actions potentially violated ethical standards.
Addressing Ethical Concerns at DOE
- The speaker acknowledges the undermining of credibility due to such actions.
- A program review process has been created with a cross-functional team to evaluate projects of meaningful scale (over a few million dollars).
- Every project is evaluated in a business-like, not political or self-interested, manner.
- The goal is to build a very different culture at DOE.