Chapter 15 - The Renaissance in Europe

What are Machiavelli’s (the prince) main arguments: The central thesis is the issue of how to get-and to keep-political power. Believed that humans motivated by self-interest and political activity should not be restricted by moral principles. Abandoned morality and argued that “the ends justify the means.”

Where did most people live in Renaissance Italy?: Urban cities

How were Northern European artists' work different from Italian artists?: In Italian Churches, the large spaces on the walls made it easy for them to paint fresco’s. However, the northern European’s Gothic Cathedrals had it’s stained glass with no room for large paintings. Instead, artist painted illustrations for books and wooden panels for altarpieces.

What effects did the development of printing using movable type result in?: This development caused a revolution that changed the way knowledge is distributed. The amount of printing presses doubled in size and had a impact on every European’s life. This resulted in the encouragement of scholarly research and created an expanding desire to gain knowledge.

Why was Leonardo da Vinci viewed as a “Renaissance Man?”: He was a very influential artist and scientist during the renaissance. He applied the scientific method to his experiments and inventions.

Why was Venice an important Italian city-state?: because it was a big trading hub and other goods from Europe were shipped there because it is located on water.

Who is Petrarch, and what is he known for?: He is the “father of humanism” because of his discovery with classical works and how he introduced humanism to the renaissance

What was the main goal of a humanistic education?: to promote individuality and own creativity

Why were the Italian states able to function independently?: because they were wealthy and powerful, with strong economic and political structures.

What was the turning point in the war between France and Spain?: The Sack of Rome in 1527, which led to the domination of Italy by the Spanish