EDM 104 EMERGING MANAGEMENT CONCEPTUAL UTILITARIAN MANAGEMENT THOUGHT

Introduction to Management Thought
- The development of management thought results from contributions made by pioneering management thinkers and experts from various social sciences such as economics and psychology.

The evolution of management thought can be studied in three broad stages:
1. Traditional/Classical Theory of Management (Classical Approach)
- This includes the following three streams of thought:
  - Scientific Management
  - Administrative Management
  - Bureaucracy
1. Neo-classical Theory of Management
- This includes the following two streams:
  - Human Relations Approach
  - Behavioral Sciences Approach
1. Modern Theory of Management
- This includes the following three streams of thought:
  - Quantitative Approach to Management (Operations Research)
  - Systems Approach to Management
  - Contingency Approach to Management
Historical Periods of Management Thought
- Experts generally agree on the following periods for each thought/school:
  - Classical School/thought: 1900 to 1930
  - Neo-classical School/thought: 1930 to 1960
  - Modern School/thought: 1960 onwards

Overview
- Scientific Management Theory, pioneered by Frederick Winslow Taylor, focuses on improving economic efficiency, particularly labor productivity.
- It applies scientific methods to analyze and optimize work processes, tasks, and worker performance through detailed study, standardization, and incentive-based systems.
- This approach breaks down work into simple, repeatable steps, trains workers scientifically, and motivates them with fair pay for fair output, creating a clear division between management (planning) and labor (execution).
Core Principles of Scientific Management (Taylorism)
- Develop a Science for Each Element of Work: Replace traditional