SoN Lab Values

Overview of Basal Metabolic Panel (BMP) and Complete Metabolic Panel (CMP)

Reference values for Basal Metabolic Panel and Complete Metabolic Panel

  • Both the Basal Metabolic Panel (BMP) and Complete Metabolic Panel (CMP) measure primary electrolytes, blood sugar, and indicators of renal function.

  • The CMP includes all baseline laboratories present in the BMP, with additional parameters assessing hepatic proteins, total bilirubin, and liver enzymes.

Electrolytes, Minerals, and Glucose Reference Ranges

  • Sodium (Na)

    • Reference range: 136−145136-145

    • Component of both BMP and CMP.

  • Potassium (K)

    • Reference range: 3.5−5.23.5-5.2

    • Component of both BMP and CMP.

  • Calcium (Ca)

    • Reference range: 8.8−10.48.8-10.4

    • Component of both BMP and CMP.

  • Magnesium (Mg)

    • Reference range: 1.8−2.61.8-2.6

    • Component of both BMP and CMP.

  • Phosphorus/Phosphate (Phos)

    • Reference range: 2.7−4.52.7-4.5

    • Component of both BMP and CMP.

  • Glucose

    • Reference range: 70−10070-100

    • Component of both BMP and CMP.

  • Chloride

    • Reference range: 96−10696-106

    • Component of both BMP and CMP.

Kidney Function Laboratory Tests

  • Kidney labs provide crucial clinical insight into how well the kidneys are functioning.

  • Creatinine (Cr)

    • Female reference range: 0.6−1.10.6-1.1

    • Male reference range: 0.9−1.30.9-1.3

    • Definition: Waste product of muscle metabolism.

    • Physiological role & excretion: The kidneys filter creatinine and excrete it via urine.

  • Blood, Urea, Nitrogen (BUN)

    • Reference range: 6−206-20

    • Definition: Measures the amount of urea nitrogen present in the blood.

Liver Function Laboratory Tests

  • Liver labs evaluate liver health and assess how well the liver is functioning.

  • Albumin

    • Reference range: 3.5−5.23.5-5.2

    • Definition: The most common protein in the body.

  • Total Bilirubin

    • Reference range: 0.3−10.3-1

    • Definition: A yellow pigment that forms during the breakdown of red blood cells (RBCs).

    • Excretion path: Eliminated in bile via the liver.

  • AST (Aspartate Aminotransferase)

    • Full enzyme name: Aspartate aminotransferase.

    • Female reference range: 10−3610-36

    • Male reference range: 14−2014-20

  • ALT (Alanine Transaminase)

    • Full enzyme name: Alanine transaminase.

    • Female reference range: 7−357-35

    • Male reference range: 10−4010-40

  • Alkaline Phosphatase

    • Reference range: 52−14252-142

    • Function: An enzyme in the liver involved in bile production.


Complete Blood Count (CBC) Reference Ranges

  • White Blood Cell (WBC)

    • Reference range: 4,500−10,5004,500 - 10,500

    

  • Red Blood Cell (RBC)

    • Female reference range: 3.6−53.6 - 5

    • Male reference range: 4.2−5.44.2 - 5.4

    

  • Hemoglobin (Hgb)

    • Female reference range: 12−1612 - 16

    • Male reference range: 14−17.414 - 17.4

    

  • Hematocrit (HCT)

    • Female reference range: 36−48%36 - 48\%

    • Male reference range: 42−52%42 - 52\%

    

  • Platelets

    • Reference range: 140,000−400,000140,000 - 400,000

    

Blood Composition and Centrifugation Layers


Centrifuged blood sample tube demonstrating layer separation into plasma, buffy coat, and erythrocytes

  • Blood Fraction Breakdown (Centrifugation)

    • Plasma: Accounts for 55%55\% of total blood.

    • Buffy Coat: Accounts for <1%<1\% of total blood; contains leukocytes and platelets.

    • Erythrocytes: Accounts for 45%45\% of total blood.

    

  • Four Main Blood Components

    1. White Blood Cells (WBC)

    2. Red Blood Cells (RBC)

    3. Plasma

    4. Platelets