Prose composition vocab

acerbus, a, um

bitter

aedes, aedis

temple; house

aeneus, a, um

made of bronze

aequor, aequoris

level surface, plain; sea

aer, aeris

air

aes, aeris

bronze, money

aestus, aestus

boiling, heat; surging heat; passion

aether, aetheris

air, sky

aevum, aevi

age, period of time; life

agnus, agni

lamb

agrestis, agreste

rustic, of the countryside

albus, a, um

white

ales, alitis

bird

ambo, ambae, ambo

both

amens, amentis

out of one's, mad, frantic

amnis, amnis

stream, river

amoenus, a, um

pleasant, charming

amplexus, amplexus

embrace

anguis, anguis

snake

anima, ae

soul, spirit, breath, life

antiquus, a, um

ancient, previous

antrum, i

cave

apricus, a, um

sunny, warm

apto, aptare, aptavi, aptatum

fit, adjust

aquilo, aquilonis

the north wind

arduus, a, um

high, steep; difficult

armentum, i

herd of cattle

artus, us

limb

arvum, i

field, land (oft pl)

astrum, i

star, constellation

ater, atra, atrum

black, dark

auctor, auctoris

originator, giver; author

aura, ae

breeze, air

aureus, a, um

golden, of gold

auris, is

ear

aurora, ae

dawn

auster, austri

the south wind

axis, axis

axis, axle, chariot; sky, heaven

bellus, a, um

beautiful, handsome, pretty

blandus, a, um

coaxing, flattering, charming

boreas, ae

the north wind (B... = god of -)

bos, bovis

ox, bull; cow; pl cattle

bracchium, i

arm

caelestis, e

heavenly, divine

caeruleus, a, um

dark blue, dark coloured

calidus, a, um

hot; eager, fierce

callidus, a, um

skilful, crafty, careful

candens, candentis

white, shining

candidus, a, um

white

canus, a, um

grey-haired; white

capillus, i

hair (usu pl)

careo, carere, carui, caritum

lack (+ abl)

carina, ae

keel; boat, ship

carpo, carpere, carpsi, carptum

pluck; seize

casa, ae

cottage, hut

castus, a, um

pure, chaste, virtuous

celsus, a, um

high, lofty

cervix, cervicis

neck

cervus, i

stag, deer

cesso, cessare, cessavi, cessatum

delay, waste (time); caese

cie, ciere, civi, citum

stir up, excite

cithara, ae

lyre

cito

quickly

citus, a, um

quick, swift, rapid

clivus, i

slope, hill

color, coloris

colour, complexion

coma, ae

hair

complector, complecti, complexus sum

embrace

consuetus, a, um

usual, accustomed

cor, cordis

heart

corona, ae

wreath, garland, crown

creo, creare, creavi, creatum

create, make, give birth to

cresco, crescere, crevi, cretum

increase, grow, arise

crinis, crinis

hair

cruentus, a, um

bloody, blood-stained; cruel

cruor, cruoris

blood, gore

cubile, cubilis

bed

Cupido, Cupidinis

Cupid (god of love); desire, passion

cuspis, cuspidis

spear, javelin

decerpo, decerpere, decerpsi, decerpsum

pluck

decus, decoris

honour, glory; beauty

desilio, desilire, desilui, desultum

leap down

dictum, dicti

saying, speech; pl words

diligo, diligere, dilexi, dilectum

love

dono, donare, donavi, donatum

present, give

ensis, ensis

sword

erus, i

master, lord

eurus, i

the east (or south-east) wind

exanimis, e

lifeless, dead

exiguus, a, um

small

expallesco, expallescere, expallui

turn very pale

exsanguis, e

bloodless, pale, faint

exsilio, exsilire, exsilui

spring out, leap up

extremus, a, um

last, farthest, extreme

facies, faciei

shape, appearance; face

fas

divine law, right, obligation

fateor, fateri, fassus sum

confess, acknowledge

fatum, i

fate, destiny; death

fax, facis

torch, flame; fire of love

ferio, ferire

strike, hit

ferus, a, um

wild, savage, cruel; f as noun beast

figura, ae

shape, figure, form, image

flavus, a, um

yellow, golden

fleo, flere, flevi, fletum

weep, cry, mourn

fletus, us

weeping, tears

fluctus, us

wave, flood

fluo, fluere, fluxi, fluxum

flow

focus, foci

hearth, home, family

for, fari, fatus sum

say, speak

fores, forum

door (of house)

forma, ae

form, shape; beauty

formosus, a, um

beautiful, handsome, good-looking

fors, fortis

chance, luck, fortune

forsitan

perhaps

fremo, fremere, fremui

roar, murmur, growl

fretum, i

strait, channel; sea

frons, frondis

foliage, leaves, leafy, branch

frons, frontis

forehead, brow; front

fruor, frui, fructus sum

enjoy (+ abl)

fulgeo, fulgere, fulsi

flash, gleam, shine

fulmen, fulminis

lightening, thunderbolt

funus, funeris

funeral, death

furo, furere

rage, be mad; rush

furtim

secretly, stealthily

gelidus, a, um

icy, cold, frozen

geminus, a, um

twin, double; pl both

gemo, gemere, gemui

groan, lament

gena, ae

cheek

genetrix, genetricis

mother

genitor, genitoris

father

gracilis, e

thin, slender; poor, meagre

gramen, graminis

grass

grandis, e

large, great, powerful

grex, gregis

flock, herd

guttur, gutturis

throat

harena, ae

sand, arena, amphitheatre

herba, ae

grass, herb

hesternus, a, um

of yesterday

heu

alas!

iacto, iactare, iactavi, iactatus

throw, hurl, cast

imago, imaginis

image, likeness; echo; ghost

imber, imbris

rain, shower

immitis, e

rough, harsh, fierce

impius, a, um

impious, irreligious, undutiful

inanis, e

empty; vain, foolish

inermis, e

unarmed

infestus, a, um

troublesome, hostile, dangerous

invius, a, um

trackless, impassable

iugum, i

yoke; mountain ridge

Iuno, Iunonis

Juno (queen of the gods)

lacero, lacerare, laceravi, laceratum

tear, mangle

lacertus, i

arm, upper arm; embrace

lanio, laniare, laniavi, laniatum

tear (at)

Lar, Laris

household god, home (oft pl)

lassus, a, um

tired, weary

leniter

gently, softly

lepidus, a, um

charming, elegant

letum, i

death

lignum, i

wood, wooden object, firewood

limen, liminis

threshold, entrance; house

limes, limitis

boundary; track

liquidus, a, um

clear, transparent, pure; fluid

luctus, us

grief, sorrow, mourning

lucus, i

grove, wood

lumen, luminis

light, lamp; eye

lupus, i

wolf

maestus, a, um

sad, gloomy

manes, ium

spirits of the dead; the Underworld

marmor, oris

marble, statue; sea

Mars, Martis

Mars (god of war); war

membrum, i

limb (oft pl)

merus, a, um

undiluted, pure; n as noun wine

mirus, a, um

wonderful, marvellous, amazing

mitis, mitis

soft, gentle

moles, molis

mass, massive structure; effort

monstrum, i

portent; monster

mortalis, e

mortal, human, transient

mundus, i

the world, earth; mankind

Musa, ae

Muse; poetry, song

navita, ae

sailor

nefas

wickedness, crime, wrong

nemus, oris

grove, wood

niteo, nitere, nitui

shine

nitidus, a, um

shining

nitor, niti, nisus/nixus sum

rest on; climb, strive, exert, oneself

niveus, a, um

snowy, white

nix, nivis

snow

nocturnus, a, um

nocturnal, of the night

Notus, i

the south wind; wind

nubes, is

cloud

nubilus, a, um

cloudy

numen, inis

divine power, divinity, god

nympha, ae

nymph; young woman, bride

obscurus, a, um

dark

obstupesco, obstupescere, obstipui

be amazed, be dumbstruck

opto, optare., optavi, optatum

choose; wish, desire

orbis, is

circle, sphere; country, world; eye

orbus, a, um

deprived, bereft (of, + abl)

Orcus, i

the (god of the) Underworld

os, ossis

bone

osculum, i

kiss

ovis, is

sheep

Pallas, Palladis

Pallas Athene (goddess of wisdom)

pariter

together, at the same time

paternus, a, um

of a father, ancestral

pavidus, a, um

trembling, terrified, alarmed

pecus, oris

cattle, herd

pelagus, i

sea

Penates, Penatium

household gods, home

penitus

deep within; completely

penna, ae

feather, pl wing

perennis, e

through the year(s), enduring

perfundo, perfundere, perfusi, perfusum

pour over, (make) wet; spread

Phoebus, i

Phoebus

pingo, pingere, pinxi, pictum

paint, colour; embroider

pinus, us

pine-tree; ship

piscis, is

fish

plango, plangere, planxi, planctum

strike, beat the breast, mourn

pluma, ae

feather

polus, i

pole; sky, heaven

pontus, i

sea

pratum, i

meadow

preces, precum

prayers (or sg in dat/abl only )

premo, premere, pressi, pressum

press, crush

priscus, a, um

old, former, ancient

proles, is

offspring, child, descendant

propero, properare, properavi, properatum

hurry, hasten, be quick

prora, ae

prow, ship

protinus

on/from the spot, immediately

puppis, is

stern, ship

purpureus, a, um

purple; radiant, glowing

querella, ae

complaint, lamentation

questus, us

complaint, lamentation (2)

ramus, i

branch

ratis, is

raft, boat

remigium, i

rowing, oarage, crew

resto, restare, restiti

stand firm; remain, be left

rivus, i

stream

robor, oris

oak; strength, man-power

ros, roris

dew, moisture

rosa, ae

rose

rubeo, rubere

be red

rupes, is

rock

sacrum, i

religious rite, ceremony (oft pl)

sanguineus, a, um

bloody, of blood, blood-red

saucius, a, um

wounded

sedulus, a, um

busy, attentive

seges, segetis

corn, crop

senilis, e

aged, of old age, of an old man

serenus, a, um

clear, bright; calm

sermo, sermonis

conversation; story, narrative

sidus, sideris

star, constellation

sileo, silere, silui

be silent, be still

simulacrum, i

image, shade, ghost

singuli, ae, a

one each, individual

sinus, us

fold; bosom; gulf, bay

sors, sortis

lot, share, fortune

spargo, spargere, sparsi, sparsum

scatter, sprinkle

sprio, spirare, spiravi, spiratum

breathe, blow, be alive

stella, ae

star

sterno, sternere, stravi, stratum

spread, scatter

stupeo, stupere, stupui

be amazed, be dumbstruck

subeo, subire, subii

go under, approach; come to mind

superi, orum

the gods, the heavenly ones

tardus, a, um

slow

taurus, i

bull

tellus, telluris

earth, land

tenebrae, arum

darkness, night

tener, tenera, tenerum

soft, delicate, tender

tenuis, e

thin, fine, slight

tepeo, tepere, tepui

be warm; feel love

tepidus, a, um

warm

ter

three times

torus, i

couch, bed, marriage-bed

tremo, tremere, tremui

shake, tremble (at)

trepido, trepidare, trepidavi, trepidatum

tremble

Troia, ae

Troy

Troianus, a, um

Trojan

turpis, e

ugly, shameful, disgraceful

umidus, a, um

damp, moist, wet

uvidus, a, um

damp, moist, wet (2)

vacca, ae

cow

vado, vadere

go, rush

vadum, i

shallow water, ford; stream, sea

vallis, is

valley

varius, a, um

various, changing, multi-coloured

vates, is

prophet; poet, bard

vela, velorum

sails

velo, velare, velavi, velatum

cover, clothe, conceal

velox, velocis

swift., quick

Venus, Veneris

Venus; love

ver, veris

spring (season)

vicinus, a, um

nearby, neighbouring

virgo, virginis

girl, maiden

viso, visere, visi, visum

view, look at, go to see, visit

volucris, e

bird

votum, i

vow, promise, wish, prayer

Zephyri

the west wind