WEEK 11-12; DAY 1

Unit 13: Education as a Social Institution

Overview

• Focus on understanding the relationship between education, culture, society, and politics.

Page 2: Learning Targets

• Evaluate how education functions affect societal lives.

• Advocate for basic education as a human right.

Page 3: Central Question

• Role of education in society.

Page 4: Functions of Education

• Education serves multiple roles within society.

Page 5: Definition of Education

• Education transmits knowledge to members of society, mainly through formal schooling.

Page 6: Types of Education

Formal Education

• Structured learning within school premises, teaching basic academic and trade skills.

Nonformal Education

• Includes adult education and skills training outside traditional schooling.

Informal Education

• Unstructured learning occurring outside formal settings, often unplanned and spontaneous.

Page 10: Functions of Formal Education

Socialization

• Teaches societal norms and values, promoting conformity and desirable attitudes.

Page 11: Advocacy for Education as a Human Right

• Rooted in international conventions ensuring education is a universal right.

Page 12: International Conventions

• Key documents affirming education as a human right:

  • International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights

  • Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women

  • Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities

Page 13: Importance of Primary Education

• Primary education is crucial for developing literacy and numeracy skills; access remains a challenge for many children.

Page 14: Three Facets of Right to Education

• Article 26 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights:

  • Education enables individuals to exercise rights.

  • Right to quality education for all children.

  • Equal educational opportunities must be provided.

Page 15: Right to Education in the Philippines

• Article 14 of the 1987 Constitution commits to protecting citizens’ right to quality education at all levels.

Unit 14: Religion and Belief Systems: Animism

Page 17: Belief System

• A framework relating humanity to the transcendental; comprises rules, norms, and values.

Page 18: Understanding Animism

• Early humans created mythical explanations for natural phenomena.

Page 19: Lesson on Polytheism

Page 20: Polytheism Defined

• Belief in multiple gods and goddesses.

Page 21: Major Polytheistic Religions

• Includes animism, Buddhism, and Hinduism, each with unique deities and beliefs.

Page 22: Monotheism Defined

• Belief in a single god.

Institutionalized Religion

Page 24: Definition

• Organized religions with established beliefs and rituals, termed as 'the church.'

The Five C's of Institutionalized Religion

1. Cult: Rituals and practices.

2. Creed: Unifying beliefs.

3. Code: Governance and standards.

4. Community of Believers: Followers of the faith.

5. Community Services: Support for both believers and the wider community.

Separation of Church and State

Page 28: Historical Context

• Early civilizations united church and state, leading to absolute power in one ruler.

Page 29-31: Issues of Power

• Historical abuse of power by church officials, controlling access to knowledge and religious texts.

Page 32: Enlightenment Impact

• Rising emphasis on reason led to questioning of monarchy and religious authority, challenging established norms.