pharm kaplan

Peptic Ucler/ Anti acids:

AZOLE- PPI, blocks stomach acid, peptic ulcer disease, take before meals, lowers acid

Ondansetron- antimetic, QT prolong

Cimetidine- Peptic ulcer dx, take at bedtime

Allergies:

Diphenhydramine- antihistamine, decreased sx of allergic responses and for motion sickness and rhinitis

Cholesterol:

STATINS- high cholesterol, lipid lowering take with food

Heart: ABCD

PRIL- Ace’s, angioedema, cough, elevated K

SARTAN’s- Arb’s, no cough hyperkalemia

LOL- beta blockers, AE slow heart, hypotension, and fatigue

May trigger asthma attack so don’t use when pt in respiratory distress

Amlodipine, Diltiazem, Verapamil- CCB, lowers BP, edema, constipation

Digoxin- apical pulse 1 min, hold HR > 60, toxicity= nausea, yellow vision, Brady, low K increased tox

Anticoagulant:

Warfarin- monitor INR, avoid Vit K bc that’s the antidote

Heparin- monitor aPTT, antidote= proteins sulfate

Exonaparin- do not expel air bubble

PLASE- thrombolytic emzymes break down clots

Respiratory:

Albuterol- rescue inhalers, asthma, bronchospasm, and emphysema; AE tremors, HA, hyperactivity, and tacky

Theophylline- tx bronchial asthma, bronchospasm; AE dizzy, nervous, nausea, tacky

Ipratropium-  anticholinergic promotes bronchodilation; AE dizzy, nervous, hypotension, palpations

Izoniazid- anti TB 1st line

Rifampin- antibiotic used w izoniazid for tb

Diuretics-

Spironolactone- potassium sparing

Anti Nausea:

Promethazine- tx N/V

Omepraole-

Anti Seizure:

Phenytoin- anti epileptic

Gabapentin- NO ANTIACIDS (2 hrs before or after)

Anxiety/ Depression:

Phenelzine- MAOI

Fluoxetine- antidepressant (SSRI) takes weeks to work, SS, suicide risk

Buspirone- antianxiety, use for pts w abuse disorders, longer acting

PAMS/LAMS- benzodiazepines, quick acting, CNS depressant, fall risk, sedation

Lithium- narrow TI, toxicity= tremor, confused, diarrhea. Maintain sodium and fluid intake

Antibiotics:

Ciprofloxacin- antibiotic, AE HA, N/V/D, decreased WBC & HCT, and rash

Gentamicin- amino-glycoside antibiotic: AE= NO, nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity

Vancomycin- infuse slow, red man syndrome, nephrotoxicity

Penacillin/ Cephalosporins- allergies, anaphylaxis risk

Diabetes:

Metformin- with meals, GI upset, NO DYE

Steroids:

Endocrine

Prednisone- corticosteroid, taper AE mood swings, poor wound healing, muscle wasting, hyperglycemia, take w food in morning

SONES- glucocorticoid, AE hypertension

DKA= Short acting insulin

Miscellaneous:

Phentermine- short term tx obesity

ANTIDOTES:

Acetaminophen= Acetylcysteine

Opioids/ Analgesic= Naloxone

Heparin= protamine sulfate, aPTT

Warfarin= Vitamin K, test INR

Benzos= flumazenil