New Recording 35

Hair Anatomy

• Hair Shaft: The visible part of hair, which is made up of dead cells.

• Hair Follicle: The part beneath the skin that includes living cells and sensory receptors; it does not cause pain if cut since only the hair shaft is removed.

• Erector Pili Muscle: Causes hair to stand up (goosebumps) and is responsible for the sensation of hair being pulled.

Sebaceous Glands

• Function: Produce oily substances that lubricate and soften the skin.

• Blackheads: Occur when sebaceous glands become blocked.

• Acne: Results from clogged sebaceous glands that become infected and inflamed.

• Sebaceous glands are more active in teenagers, leading to increased oil production and pimples.

Nail Structure

• Nail Growth: Begins at the nail root and is anchored to the underlying tissue by the nail bed.

• Lanula: The crescent-shaped white area near the nail root, does not indicate calcium deficiency.

• Nail Variations: Different colors and shapes can be normal and depend on lifestyle or occupation; they are not indicative of disease.

Sweat Glands

• Two Types:

  • Eccrine Sweat Glands: Found throughout the body; produce watery sweat for thermoregulation.

  • Apocrine Sweat Glands: Located in specific areas (axillary and genital), activate during puberty; produce thicker sweat that can lead to body odor.

Skin Infections

• Tinea: A fungal infection characterized by skin discoloration and itchiness, often requiring antifungal treatment.

• Folliculitis: Inflammation/infection of hair follicles, often bacterial.

• Scabies: Caused by tiny parasitic insects, leading to severe itchiness and is highly contagious.

Bedsores

• Causes: Prolonged pressure on the skin can lead to ischemia and tissue death, often seen in immobile patients.

• Stages: Bedsores range in severity; prevention includes repositioning patients regularly.

Burns Classification

• First Degree Burns: Affect only the epidermis (e.g., typical sunburn).

• Second Degree Burns: Involve epidermis and part of the dermis; may include blisters.

• Third Degree Burns: Full-thickness burns, affecting all skin layers; may not hurt initially due to nerve damage.

• Fourth Degree Burns: Involve deeper tissues, including muscles and bones.

• Treatment Needs: Severe burns may require skin grafts and careful management to prevent infection and ensure healing.

Skin Cancer Awareness

• Types of Skin Cancer:

  • Basal Cell Carcinoma: Most common type, generally non-lethal.

  • Squamous Cell Carcinoma: More serious, can spread if not treated.

  • Malignant Melanoma: Most dangerous due to its potential for metastasis; depth of tumor is critical for prognosis.

• Risk Factors: Ultraviolet (UV) light exposure is the primary cause of skin cancer.

Summary Of Assignment Instructions

• Submission: Download and complete assignment from Canvas; submit either digitally or by taking a picture of paper responses.

• Be clear that submitting multiple pages or file formats is acceptable and resubmission of assignments is allowed without penalty.