Lesson 1.4 Structure of the Atom

Page 1: Class Structure

  • WORK PLAN:

    • Opening Prayer

    • 5S (Sort, Set In Order, Shine, Standardize, Sustain)

    • Attendance

    • Recitation of Philosophy

    • Skill Building

    • Motivation

    • Structure of the Atom

    • Activity

    • Closing Prayer

Page 2: Prayer Before Class

  • Opening prayer recited in the name of the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.

  • Invocation of divine guidance for learning and understanding in class.

  • Blessings for the teacher and classmates.

  • Emphasis on joy in learning.

  • Concludes with another prayer in the name of the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.

Page 3: Philosophy of the Institution

  • The University of Perpetual Help System DALTA emphasizes divine guidance.

  • Focus on improving quality of life through education, community service, and research.

  • Mission: "Helpers of God" with the guiding principle "Character Building is Nation Building".

Page 4: Vision of the University

  • Aims to be a leader in the Philippines in higher education.

  • Commitment to excellence in academics, technology, and research.

  • Role in fostering human development and strengthening moral values.

  • Vision for Filipinos to enjoy a high quality of life and participate globally.

Page 5: Goals of the University

  • Dedicated to producing well-rounded, dynamic students.

  • Aims for high-quality education and healthcare service.

  • Emphasis on forming individuals with social concern and commitment.

Page 6-7: Skill Building Overview

  • Provides a foundational understanding of the atom and its structure.

  • Students participate in skill-building exercises related to atomic theory.

Page 8: Recap Time

  • Time set aside for summarizing learned concepts.

Page 9: Structure of the Atom Presentation

  • Introduction to atomic structure concepts within the Physical Science curriculum.

Page 10: Learning Objectives

  • Key learning outcomes:

    • Understand and explain models of atomic structure.

    • Importance of atomic and subatomic structures.

Page 11: Introduction to Subatomic Particles

  • Overview of atomic structure, including the nucleus and its components.

Page 12: Subatomic Particles Details

  • Nucleus: Central, dense, positively charged region of the atom.

  • Protons: +1 charge, mass of 1 atomic mass unit (u), located in the nucleus.

  • Electrons: -1 charge, mass of 1/1836 u, orbiting nucleus rapidly.

  • Neutrons: 0 charge, mass of 1 u, also found in the nucleus.

  • Most atoms are electrically neutral with equal protons and electrons.

Page 13: Summary of Subatomic Particles

Particle

Charge

Mass (amu)

Location

Proton

+1

1

Nucleus

Neutron

0

1

Nucleus

Electron

-1

0

Orbitals

Page 14-20: History of Atomic Models

  • Exploration of historical atomic models:

    • J.J. Thomson (1897): Discovered the electron; proposed the 'Plum Pudding Model'.

    • Eugene Goldstein (1886): Discovered the proton through canal rays.

    • Ernest Rutherford (1910): Discovered the nucleus through the Gold Foil Experiment, leading to the understanding of atomic structure.

    • James Chadwick (1932): Discovered the neutron, explaining atomic mass discrepancies.

Page 21-23: Bohr and Electron Cloud Models

  • Bohr Model: Electrons orbit at fixed energy levels; emits light when returning levels.

  • Electron Cloud Model: Describes probable locations of electrons around the nucleus.

Page 24: Orbital Shells

  • Illustration of electron shells (K, L, M, N) surrounding the nucleus.

Page 25: Application of Quantum Behavior

  • Electron cloud model useful in technologies like sensitive microscopy.

Page 26-27: Timeline of Atomic Theory Development

  • Ancient ideas to modern understanding:

    • Democritus: Atoms as indivisible.

    • John Dalton: Solid sphere model.

    • Thomson: Positive sphere with electrons.

    • Rutherford: Nucleus with orbiting electrons.

    • Bohr & Schrödinger: Electron behavior surrounding the nucleus described probabilistically.

Page 28: Activity Time

  • Activity focused on building atomic models as a hands-on learning approach:

    • Group assignment of an element.

    • Research on protons, neutrons, and electrons.

    • Construction of 3D atom models using provided materials.

    • Time allocated: 10 minutes.

Page 29: Conclusion

  • Affirmation of learning outcomes with a blessing.

  • Encouragement of curiosity and engagement with new concepts.