Patient-Centered Care and Caring Interventions

Patient-Centered Care (PCC)

  • Definition: Acknowledges patient's control and partnership in care, respecting preferences and values.

  • IOM's Definition: Care that respects and responds to individual needs and values, guiding clinical decisions.

Picker's Eight Principles of PCC

  • Respect for preferences

  • Coordination and integration of care

  • Information and education

  • Physical comfort

  • Emotional support

  • Family involvement

  • Continuity and transition

  • Access to care

Elements of Patient-Centered Care

  • Active collaboration between patients, families, and providers.

  • Focus on physical and emotional well-being.

  • Respect for patient values and cultural traditions.

Nurse’s Role

  • Dignified healing through personalized care.

  • Educate patients and families about health matters.

  • Collaboration across care teams for holistic care.

Enhancing PCC

  • Information Sharing

  • Participation and Collaboration

  • Trust and Respect

  • Availability and Acceptance

Always Events

  • Vital patient experience elements to be reliably performed.

  • Criteria: Important to patients, evidence-based, measurable, affordable.

Benefits of PCC

  • Improved patient satisfaction and outcomes.

  • Enhanced team morale and reputation.

Barriers to PCC

  • Staffing shortages and high workloads.

  • Lack of training and management support.

Improving Patient-Centered Care

  • Engage in thoughtful person-centered practice.

  • Utilize the nursing process: Assess, Diagnose, Plan, Implement, Evaluate.

Caring Interventions

  • Evidence-based actions addressing physical and emotional needs.

Theories of Caring

  • Florence Nightingale: Combining physical, psychological, and spiritual care.

  • International Association: Caring as essence of nursing, emphasizes connection.

The 5 Cs of Caring

  • Compassion, Competence, Confidence, Comportment, Creativity.

Notable Theorists

  • Patricia Benner: Individualized care and patient participation.

  • Swanson’s Caring Process: Knowing, Being with, Doing for, Enabling, Maintaining belief.

  • Madeline Leininger: Nurturing care reflecting culture.

  • Jean Watson: Humanistic system of caring values.

Essential Caring Skills

  • Empathy, attentive listening, comforting, respect.

Caring Behaviors in Action

  • Importance of self-care for nurses and positive work environment.