ABC Boating Section 15 PWC

Personal Watercraft Operation Overview

• Operating a Personal Watercraft (PWC) requires training, experience, and knowledge of regulations.

• Owners are responsible for safe operations and must instruct riders.

• Development of skills and knowledge is critical for accident avoidance.

Understanding PWCs

• A PWC is classified as a boat under 16 feet (Class A) by the Coast Guard.

• Defined by the Personal Watercraft Industry Association as:

  • Inboard vessel less than 13 feet.

  • Powered by an internal combustion engine and water jet pump.

  • Designed like a motorcycle, with seating for the operator and capacity for passengers if towing skiers.

• Special regulations apply due to the unique operational characteristics of PWCs.

Operation and Control of PWCs

• Design and Propulsion

  • Open sit-on design with water jet propulsion.

  • Internal propeller and low draft water jet pump for motion.

  • At idle, movement is slow; speed increases with engine power.

• Steering Mechanics

  • Handlebars control direction via a movable nozzle directing thrust.

  • Cannot steer without the engine engaged; releasing the throttle at high speed can lead to loss of control.

Operator Controls and Familiarization

• Read and understand the owner’s manual before operation.

• Familiarity with controls (stop/start, throttle, safety features) is essential:

  • Manual choke for cold starts.

  • Kill switch for quick engine stoppage.

• Various controls exist for throttle operation and fall-off protections.

  • Engine cutoff switches to stop the engine if the operator falls off.

Safety Regulations and Equipment

• Registration and Identification

  • PWCs must be registered and display a registration number prominently.

  • Hull identification numbers must be recorded and not altered.

• Life Jackets and Personal Flotation Devices (PFDs)

  • All on board must wear USCG approved life jackets while underway.

  • Bright colors are advised to enhance visibility.

• Fire Extinguisher and Emergency Equipment

  • A USCG approved fire extinguisher is required and must be easily accessible.

  • Sound signaling devices like whistles are necessary for navigation.

  • Visual distress signals recommended for safety in emergencies.

Navigational Rules and Safety Practices

• Compliance with navigation rules is crucial for avoiding collisions.

• Operators must maintain lookout and operate at safe speeds.

• Regularly review local and state regulations which may be stricter than federal ones.

Safe Operation and Environmental Considerations

• PWCs are faster and require alertness to surroundings.

• Adequate distance must be allowed for stopping; turning practices should be practiced.

• Be aware of PWC specific regulations, such as time of operation and wake jumping restrictions.

Riding Precautions and Emergency Procedures

• Expect to fall off; follow safety guidelines to prevent injuries.

• PWCs designed to float; reboarding techniques should be practiced.

• Stay close to shore while learning and avoid congested areas.

Responsible Operation

• Use good judgment and consider environmental impacts.

• Avoid noise pollution and respect regulations to maintain a harmonious relationship with other water users.