MSK

Medical Chart Review:

• Complete thorough reviews focusing on:

  • Patient interviews

  • Relevant medical history and procedures

  • Precautions and lab values

  • Pharmacological aspects

  • Patient goals and perspectives

  • Areas of the ICF model impacting function

Evidence-Based Care Plan:

• Collaborate with stakeholders

• Communicate care plans effectively

• Advocate for PT’s clinical judgment

• Determine PTA involvement

Intervention Management:

• Understand when to initiate, terminate, withhold, or progress interventions across a range of patient complexities

• Utilize outcomes from standardized measures for decision-making

Examination Techniques:

• Organize and demonstrate:

  • Aerobic capacity and endurance

  • Anthropometric characteristics

  • Balance and circulation (arterial, venous, lymphatic)

  • Gait and integumentary integrity

  • Joint integrity/mobility

  • Muscle performance and pain assessment

  • Range of motion and sensory integrity

Predictive Risk Factors:

• Identify factors influencing pressure ulcer risk, including:

  • Sensory integrity and circulation

  • Skin assessment

  • Patient characteristics (age, mental function)

Pain Assessment:

• Interpret pain through systems review, factoring individual perspectives and contributing influences on decision-making for interventions

Discharge Planning:

• Understand discharge recommendations, continuity of care, and necessary equipment addressing ethical decision-making

Clinical Reasoning:

• Demonstrate reasoning during complex patient scenarios

• Adjust care plans based on new data

Communication Skills:

• Maintain clear communication with all stakeholders, including patients and interprofessional teams

• Adapt communication based on safety, culture, and cognitive needs

Interventions Delivery:

• Provide ethical & financially responsible care

• Manage tubes, lines, and equipment while achieving patient goals

• Address health promotion and wellness

• Utilize various techniques (e.g., manual therapy, functional training)

Health Conditions/Procedures Covered:

• Hip/Knee/Shoulder arthroplasties

• Musculoskeletal tumor resections

• Spinal and soft tissue surgeries

• Pain Management and Anesthesia

Types of Fractures:

• Most common: Hip fractures

• Risk factors: Age, BMD, healing timelines

• Pain manifestations include loss of mobility, edema, etc.

Fracture Healing Process:

• Hematoma Formation

• Fibrocartilaginous Callus Formation

• Bony Callus Formation

• Bone Remodeling

Treatment Options:

• Surgical Options for Fractures:

  • Verbetroplasty and Kyphoplasty procedures for spinal fractures

• Rehabilitation through ultrasound and bone grafting

Bone Healing Factors:

• Favorable Factors:

  • Early mobilization and good nutrition

  • Young age and minimal tissue damage

• Unfavorable Factors:

  • Tobacco use, chronic diseases, osteoporosis

  • Severe soft tissue damage and infection risks

Discharge Considerations:

• Indications for Discharge:

  • Adequate pain control and social support

  • Independent living capabilities with proper equipment

Anesthesia Management:

• Overview of Anesthesia:

  • Types: General vs. Regional Anesthesia

  • Consider complications such as hypotension or respiratory distress

• Complications from Anesthesia:

  • Neurologic issues like agitation or peripheral weakness

  • Cardiovascular complications (hypotension, dysrhythmias)

  • Renal issues and gastrointestinal complications

Pain Management Strategies:

• Assessment Tools:

  • Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), FACES scale, NVPS for nonverbal patients

• PT Considerations:

  • Document functionality and participation levels affected by pain

• Red Flags in Musculoskeletal Care:

  • Chest pain, sudden pain increase, signs of compartment syndrome

Lab Content Continuation:

• Focus on interventions, patient management, exam procedures, and imaging in lab sessions

Conclusion:

• Ongoing assessment in acute care is crucial for effective patient outcomes.