Note on Tissues

Page 2: Introduction to Tissues

• Four Main Types of Tissues

  • Epithelial tissue

  • Connective tissue

  • Muscle tissue

  • Nervous tissue

Page 3: Epithelial Tissue (1 of 2)

• Characteristics

  • Covers body surfaces and lines cavities.

  • Cells are closely packed with minimal matrix.

• Classification by Cell Shape

  • Squamous

  • Cuboidal

  • Columnar

  • Transitional

Page 4: Epithelial Tissue (2 of 2)

• Classification by Arrangement

  • Simple Epithelium

    • Single layer of cells (e.g., simple squamous).

    • Function: Transport (absorption).

  • Stratified Epithelium

    • Multiple layers of cells (e.g., stratified squamous).

    • Function: Protection.

Page 5: Classification of Epithelial Tissues

rPage 10: Simple Columnar and Stratified Transitional Epithelium

• Simple Columnar Epithelium

  • Single layer of columnar cells.

  • Lines stomach and intestines; contains goblet cells for mucus production.

  • Function: Absorption.

• Stratified Transitional Epithelium

  • Found in areas that stretch (e.g., urinary bladder).

  • Up to 10 layers of cuboidal cells that can distort.

Page 14: Connective Tissue

• Characteristics

  • Most abundant and widely distributed tissue in the body.

  • Composed of relatively few cells in an intercellular matrix.

Page 15: Types of Connective Tissue

• Areolar

  • Functions as a glue holding organs together.

• Adipose (Fat)

  • Primary function: lipid storage.

• Fibrous

  • Composed of strong collagen fibers (e.g., tendons).

• Bone

  • Calcified matrix; provides support and protection.

• Cartilage

  • Gel-like matrix; contains chondrocytes.

• Blood

  • Fluid matrix; functions in transportation and protection.

Page 19: Types of Muscle Tissue

• Skeletal Muscle Tissue

  • Attaches to bones; striated and voluntary control.

• Cardiac Muscle Tissue

  • Striated and involuntary; composes heart wall.

• Smooth Muscle Tissue

  • Non-striated (visceral) and involuntary; found in blood vessels and organs.

Page 22: Nervous Tissue (1 of 3)

• Function

  • Rapid communication and control of body functions.

• Neurons

  • Specialized conduction cells.

Page 24: Nervous Tissue (3 of 3)

• Neurons

  • Composed of a cell body, axon, and dendrites.

  • Axon: Carries impulses away from the cell body. (one)

  • Dendrites: Carry impulses toward the cell body. (one or more)

• Glia (Neuroglia)

  • Supportive and connecting cells.

Page 25: Tissue Repair

• Regeneration

  • Epithelial and connective tissues regenerate easily