SOCIOL 3 FINAL
1. Subjectivist approach- Those who believe that social problems are socially constructed and dependent on collective perceptions
2. Typifying example- A description of a particular instance of the condition
3. Societalization- The process by which claims attract national attention.
They attract attention to what becomes understood as a national issue, engaging nation's policymakers and major media.
4. Counterclaim- An argument that directly opposes a particular claim.
5. Diagnostic frame- A social movement's depiction of the nature of a problem. (Compare prognostic frame)
6. Abeyance- A period when a social movement is relatively inactive.
7. Medical model- Display something as an issue that can be cured,
A general framework for thinking about medical matters as diseases that require treatment.
8. Standing- Your status/rank/reputation that can allow a chance to tell a story or make a claim to an audience. POSITION in society
9. Carrying capacity- The number of issues that can receive attention in
an arena.
10. Agenda setting- Choosing which claims will receive the attention of the media
or policymakers.
11. Causal narrative- (casual stories? in tb) frames a social issue by cause- accidental, intentional, or inadvertent which shapes whos to blame and policy responses
12. NRA- The National Rifle Association, a gun rights advocacy group founded in 1871. Controversial for demanding higher security in schools and wanting to arm teachers rather than promoting gun control.
13. Administrative burdens- barriers people face when accessing policies (paperwork, documentation, and legal requirements) which shapes policy outcomes
14. Policy evaluation- assessing/analyzing a policy’s effectiveness, efficiency, and impact
15. Perverse effects- unintended negative consequences of policies or actions
16. Target population- The group of people intended to be affected by a social
policy.
17. Causal stories- Used to frame social problems a rhetoric often used to affix blame/responsibility.
18. Policy domains- The part of the political system that focuses on a particular
troubling condition.
19. Policy stream model- Problem Stream (claimsmakers raise awareness and seek support) →
Policy Stream (experts and policymakers propose solutions) → Political Stream (action depends on political climate and public opinio)
20. Public policy- course of action taken by government to address a social problem
21. Countermovements- A movement that opposes a social movement by promoting counterclaims that challenge the opponent’s claims.
22. Focus groups- small group of selected people led by a moderator to explore peoples opinions on specific topics (kinda like a seminar)
23. Zero tolerance- A policy which imposes a punishment for every infraction of a stated rule. For example, Trump’s zero tolerance policy which was intended to ramp-up criminal prosecution of people caught entering the United States illegally.
24. Policy implementation- process of putting policies in action, results can led to policy adjustments
25. Family separation- refers to policies enacted by Trump that forcibly separated immigrant children from their parents at the U.S.-Mexico border (i think??)
26. War on Poverty- Unofficial name for a legislation introduced by President Lyndon B. Johnson that supported many anti-poverty programs
27. Medicare- Government funded healthcare program that provides coverage for the elderly and disabled
28. Poverty line- estimated income needed for necessities in life like food, housing, and clothing.
29. Problem gambling- Frame gambling as a mental compulsion, instead of focusing on institutions that worsen the problem
30. Civil service- civilian workforce of the U.S. federal government, hired based on merit. Helps avoid worsening a social problem due to unfair practices and corruption in government
31. Salience- how important an issue is to society, if it gets the needed attention and considered important to people, media, and policymakers
32. MMR- A vaccine against measles, it was declared eliminated in 2000 but its back, with the most cases in Texas
33. Divestment- Process of withdrawing investments from a business/company
34. Gatekeeper model- Those who control access to information, which can influence policies, resources, and decisions made in society
35. Tea Party- a movement in 2009 advocated for limited government and lower taxes. Demonstrates how people brought about social problems and wanted change
36. Occupy Wall Street- another demonstration of bringing attention to a social problem, 2011 movement protesting economic inequality and corporate greed
37. Indirect Costs- expenses that are not tied to research activities, like building maintenance, utilities, and administrative services. It can be a issue because it can divert funding away from fixing social problems