Y9 Geography Exam Review

Unit 1: Development

• Key Indicators of Development
  • GNI (Gross National Income)
  • HDI (Human Development Index)
  • Life Expectancy
  • GDP per capita / GNI per capita
• World Bank Classifications: HIC (High-Income Countries)
• What is development?

Unit 2: Superpowers – China and USA

• What makes a country a superpower?
• Hard Power vs Soft Power
  • Hard Power: Military strength
  • Soft Power: Culture, diplomacy
• USA as a superpower: Economy power
• China as a superpower: Economy resources

Unit 3: Natural Resources

• What are natural resources? (renewable, non-renewable)
• Types of Rocks: Igneous, Sedimentary
• Types of Renewable Energy: Solar
• Types of Non-Renewable Energy
• Uses of Rocks: Building, fuel, etc.

Unit 4: Earth’s Structure and Plate Tectonics (Earthquakes & Volcanoes)

• Earth’s Four Spheres: Hydrosphere, Atmosphere, Geosphere
• Water security
• Layers of the Earth
• Plate Tectonics: Convection
• Plate Boundaries: Constructive (Divergent)
• Features Formed
• Earthquake Management: Preparation (3Ps)

Skills to Revise

• Interpreting diagrams (e.g., Earth structure, tectonics, maps)
• Describing patterns
• Explaining processes
• Using key terms accurately