Unit 2 (1607-1754) Learning Objectives (6-8% of AP Exam)
Key Concepts:
Europeans developed a variety of colonization and migration patterns, influenced by different imperial goals, cultures, and the varied North American Indians for resources.
Spanish, French, Dutch, and British colonizers had different economic and imperial goals involving land and labor that shaped the social and political development of their colonies as well as their relationships with native populations.
In the 17th century, early British colonies developed along the Atlantic coast, with regional differences that reflected various environmental, economic, cultural, and demographic factors.
Competition over resources between European rivals and American Indians encouraged industry and trade and led to conflict in the Americas.
The British colonies participated in political, social, cultural, and economic exchanges with Great Britain that encouraged both stronger bonds with Britain and resistance to Britain’s control.
Transatlantic commercial, religious, philosophical, and political exchanges led residents of the British colonies to evolve in their political and cultural attitudes as they became increasingly tied to Britain and one another.
Like other European empires in the Americas that participated in the Atlantic slave trade, the English colonies developed a system of slavery that reflected the specific economic, demographic, and geographic characteristics of those colonies.
European Colonization (2.2)
Spanish colonies: know areas controlled, encomienda, Pueblo Revolt, reasons for colonization
Know French economic relationships and personal relationships with Natives
English colonies: know religious, economic, and personal reasons for colonization; know relationships with Natives and family structures
The Regions of British Colonies (2.3)
Different types of colonies
Jamestown: John Smith; John Rolfe, Pocahontas, problems at Jamestown, tobacco
Chesapeake Bay colonies: tobacco, rural, indentured servants, headright system
Bacon’s Rebellion: causes and significance
New England Colonies: Puritans, Plymouth, Mayflower Compact, economics
Massachusetts Bay Colony: John Winthrop, City on a Hill, Puritans, Halfway Covenant, Salem Witch Trials
Rhode Island and Connecticut: Religious reasons, Roger Williams, Anne Hutchinson, Thomas Hooker, Fundamental Order of Connecticut, self governing colonies
Middle Colonies: economics, diverse, urban, Quakers, William Penn
Southern Colonies: economics, role of slavery
British Control: lax oversight led to self government, role of colonial political control
Transatlantic Trade (2.4)
Triangle Trade
Middle Passage
American Indian role in Transatlantic Trade
Conflict, accommodation, and alliances
Indian Wars: Metacom’s War (King Philip's War)
Pueblo Revolt vs. Spain and encomienda system
Slavery in the British Colonies (2.6)
Stono Rebellion
Maintain culture, family and religion
Colonial Society and Structure (2.7)
Anglicization and the colonies
American Ideals: House of Burgesses, Mayflower Compact, Fundamental Order of Connecticut, limits to participation in government
American Culture: know the differences in society between areas
Comparison in Period 2 (2.8)
Themes Addressed in Unit 2