General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry: Chemistry and Chemicals

Introduction to Chemistry and Its Real-World Applications

  • Professional Applications of Chemistry:

    • Forensic Science: Forensic scientists work in crime laboratories where they analyze bodily fluids and tissue samples collected by crime scene investigators.
    • Pharmaceutical and Product Development: Chemists working in laboratories test new products and develop new pharmaceuticals.

  • Learning Goal:

    • Define the term chemistry.
    • Identify substances as chemicals.

Definition and Core Principles of Chemistry

  • Definition of Chemistry:

    • Chemistry is the study of composition, structure, properties, and reactions of matter.
    • Chemistry happens all around you every day.

  • Chemical Reactions in Daily Action:

    • Antacid tablets undergo a chemical reaction when dropped in water.

Understanding Matter and Its Forms

  • Definition of Matter:

    • Matter is another word for all substances that make up our world.

  • Specific Examples of Matter:

    • Antacid tablets are matter.
    • Water is matter.
    • Glass is matter.
    • Air is matter.

Nature and Properties of Chemicals

  • Definition and Characteristics of Chemicals:
    • Chemicals are substances that have the same composition and properties wherever found.
    • Chemicals are often substances made by chemists that you use every day.

Everyday Examples and Commercial Chemical Combinations

  • Everyday Chemical Combinations:

    • Toothpaste is a combination of many chemicals.

  • Commercial Formulations and Examples Identified:

    • Orajel TRAINING TOOTHPASTE: Toothpaste formulation specifically targeted for training/young children.
    • Colgate Total ADVANCED: Advanced multi-benefit toothpaste formulation.
    • REMBRANDT REMOVES STAINS & RESTORES ENAMEL: Toothpaste formulation designed for stain removal and enamel restoration.
    • Tom's natural antiplaque tartar control: Natural toothpaste formulation designed for antiplaque and tartar control.
    • Sensodyne PRONAMEL: Toothpaste formulation developed for enamel protection.