CHAPTER 1 - MANAGERS AND MANAGING

CHAPTER 1 - MANAGERS AND MANAGING

  • what is management

  • organization - people work together and coordinate their action to achieve certain goals.

  • managers - people responsible for supervising organization’s resources to meet goals.

  • management - include planning , organizing , leading and controlling

    ( human & resources )

  • what is resources

  • type of resources : -

  1. tangible resources ( physical essentials )

  • equipment & tools ( physical devices )

  • financial device ( budget )

  • physical material ( supplies & material )

  1. intangible resources ( non-physical essentials )

  • skills, expertise ( human resources - skills pekerja )

  • technological resources ( software & digital platform )

  • managing schedules

  • information & data ( knowledge guide decision making )

  • brand value & reputation

  • why management is important

  • learn through personal experience / others experience

  • for economic benefits

  • make good decisions in nonwork contexts

  • what managers do

  • identify & select appropriate organizational goals

  • develop strategies to achieve goals with high performance ( maximum profit )

  • organize resources ( human resources - chemistry between coworkers )

  • monitor performance of individuals , departments , organization ( to meet performance standards )

  • how managers use organizational resources efficiently and effectively

  • organizational performance - measure how efficiently and effectively managers use the available resources ( satisfy customers & achieve performance goals )

  • efficiency - how good resources were used to achieve goals

  • effectiveness - appropriate measure of goals is used to achieve goals

  • distinguish four managerial tasks

  • planning - decide ( goals , strategies , how to allocate resources )

  • organizing - structuring working relationship ( member in the organization will cooperate with each other )

    • organizational structure - formal system of task & reporting relationship ( coordinate & motivate organizational members )

  • leading - having a clear vision on the plan & enable the members to understand the role they play in achieving goals

    ( use managers power , personality , influence , communication skills to coordinate people in the organization )

  • controlling - evaluate how well organization is ( achieve goal/not )

    - taking action to maintain / improve performance

    • outcome of controlling - ability to measure performance accurately & regulate organization effectiveness and efficiency

  • explain how managers’ ability

  • decisional - develop innovative goods & services (entrepreneur) , take corrective action (disturbance handler) , allocate organizational resources (resource allocator) and work with people to reach agreements (negotiator)

  • interpersonal - outline future goals (figurehead) , give direct command & make decision (leader) and coordinate work of managers of many departments (liaison)

  • informational - evaluate performances of managers with different tasks & improve their performance (monitor) , informing about changes that will affect employees/organization (disseminator) and launch national advertising campaign (spokesperson)

  • differentiate 3 level of management

  • top ( general manager )

  • middle ( supervisor but level up )

  • first-line ( supervisor )

  • CEO (kiv)

  • tasks and responsibilities of managers at different hierarchy

  • CEO - making major corporate decisions, managing operations and resources , main point of communication between the board of directors and corporate operations.

  • top ( general manager ) - responsible on every department’s performance , decide on the interaction between different department , supervise middle managers

  • middle - supervises supervisor , finding best way to use all resources to achieve goals

  • first-line ( supervisor ) - daily supervision of nonmanagerial employees ( employees who only have to do their work , don’t have responsibility to overseeing other’s work )

  • distinguish 3 kinds of managerial skill

  • conceptual - analyze situation & differentiate between cause and effect

  • human - understand , control behavior of other individual/groups

  • technical - know the job scope & technique require to perform role in organization

  • why managers divided into different department

  • major changes in management practices ( globalization & use of advanced technologies )

  • restructuring - downsizing the company ( eliminating large numbers of employees )

    • example : Boieng

  • outsourcing - make contract with other companies ( offshore & onshore )

  • empowerment - employees got more authorities & responsibility over their work ( choose and perform the work they want )

  • self-managed teams - employees who assume collective responsibility ( organize , supervise , control their own work )

  • principal challenges managers face ( competitive global environment )

  • competitive advantage - outperform other organization ( produce desired services efficiently & effectively than competitors )

    • innovation - process creating/improved/developing better ways to provide services

    • must have elements - efficiency , innovation & flexibility , responsive ( gain customers trust ) , quality ( meet/exceed customers expectation )

  • maintain ethical and socially responsible - managers work under great pressure so they may behave unethically & become irresponsible

  • manage diverse workforce - create highly trained & motivated workforce ( human resources management [HRM] ) must be established to not discriminate organizational members & must be legal !

  • utilize new technologies - using the efficient & effective technologies ( enable employees perform better in their work/role )

  • global crisis management - build a team on rapid decision making , organization chain ( elak anything bad spread too fast ) , recruit the eligible people to lead the team , develop negotiating strategies ( manage conflicts )

Global Crisis Management :-

  1. Natural Causes - cause by natural disaster

  2. Human Causes - everything that happened due to human bad behavior

  • extra knowledge ?

  • department - group (managers & employees) work together by using the same skills , techniques

  • turnaround management - creation of new vision ( company yang tengah struggle ) using new approach ( planning , organizing to use resources better & allow the company to survive )