Pre-Production Processes in Garment Manufacturing
Pre-Production Processes in Garment Manufacturing
Overview
- Definition: Pre-production processes are essential steps conducted before bulk garment production begins, ensuring efficient manufacturing.
- Components: Include sample development, approvals, raw material testing, and pre-production meetings.
Key Steps in Pre-Production
1. Meeting with Buyers
- Purpose: The designer showcases latest creations and obtains buyer feedback.
- Buyer Input: If the buyer has a fixed design, discussions include necessary changes related to fit, fabrics, or trims.
2. Development of Initial Samples
- Process: After receiving buyer's instructions, manufacturers develop initial samples using available fabrics and trims.
3. Fabric Sample Development
- Fabric Sourcing: Tailored to buyer specifications, including selection of raw fabric properties, dyeing, and finishing for solid colors.
- Approval Process: Lap dip samples are created for solid colors and must be approved before proceeding.
- Bit Loom Samples: Created for yarn-dyed fabrics showcasing specific designs.
- Artwork Approvals: Prints and embroidery artwork, as well as color approvals, are also necessary.
4. Costing of Garment
- Cost Sheet Preparation: Merchants calculate a detailed cost breakdown:
- Raw material cost
- Manufacturing cost
- Overheads
- Profit Margin
- Importance: Accurate costing is critical as it influences the likelihood of securing an order.
5. Pattern Making and Grading
- Pattern Development: Initial fit patterns created by a pattern master, adjustments made based on buyer feedback.
- Grading: After fit approval, patterns are graded for specific sizes or the full size range for production.
6. Production Planning
- Scheduling: Effective scheduling of jobs and defining roles is crucial for timely order completion.
- Material Sourcing: Orders for fabrics, trims, accessories, and packaging must be placed in advance.
7. Testing of Fabrics and Raw Materials
- Quality Control: Testing physical properties in labs ensures materials meet required specifications.
8. Study of Approved Sample
- Operational Breakdown: Analyze work content, identify critical operations, and optimize line settings for production.
9. Pre-production Meeting
- Final Approval: Conducted after PP sample approval, bringing together production, quality, and sourcing teams.
- Discussion Points: Review procedures, dos and don’ts, and announce key dates including Planned Cut Date (PCD) and shipment date.