Zoology

Parazoa

no tissues (sponges)

Eumetazoa

Parazoa - no tissues (sponges)

Eumetazoa - clade of animals with true tissues

Clade - (evolutionary branch of a cladogram that includes a ) single ancestor and all its descendants

Porifera Symmetry - asymmetric/ no symmetry

Cnidaria symmetry - radially symmetrical

Platyhelminthes Symmetry - bilateral symmetry

Planaria symmetry - bilateral

Annelid symmetry - bilateral

earthworm symmetry - bilateral

Mollusk symmetry - bilateral

echinoderm symmetry - bilateral AND radial

starfish symmetry - bilateral AND radial

ectoderm - outer germ layer

Endoderm - inner germ layer

Mesoderm - middle germ layer

Super unique feature of Porifera? - Spicule/ Lot of Pores

Not so unique feature of porifera - Parazoa = no true tissue
internal digestion (phagocytosis)/ no nervous tissue

Super unique to cnidaria? - Cnidocyte

Not so unique features of cnidaria - radial symmetry- 2 germ layers
eumetazoa/ gastrovascular cavity/ nerve net

Unique to platyhelminthes- flat worm...
don't use me as a name if you are using me as a feature)

Not so unique to platyhelminthes - protostome
bilateral - 3 germ layers/eumetazoa

cnidaria examples- Radial with stingers/hydra/jellyfish/anemones

Platyhelminthes - planaria/tapeworms/Flat worms (usually)

Annelid examples - Segmented worms (usually)/Earthworm

Nematod examples - round worms (usually)/parasitic worms (usually)

unique feature of nematods - mostly parasitic

not so unique features of annelids - eumetazoa/bilateral - 3 germ layers/protostomes/segmented

Coelom - body cavity surrounding GI Tract /Allows GI Tract to expand - Cephalization

brain evolution / development - concentration of sense organs and nerve cells at the front of an animal's body

Nerve net - net spread of neurons equal, opposite of cephalization

Porifera Nervous system? - none

metamerism - segementation

mantle - secretes the shell

Ctenidia - Clam gills for respiration AND digestion

Radula - rasping (scraping) tongue-like organ

tagmatization - the fusion of body segments (into specialized body regions)

5 features of mollusks - Mantle/shell/Foot/Ctenidia (gills ok)/Radula

nematode- round worm/often parasitic

exoskeleton-arthropod jointed / flexible

spiracle - breathing hole opening to tracheal system

4 (3) unique features of chordates - dorsal (back) nerve cord/ notochord (stiff rod)/gill slits/post-anal tail

echinoderm features - water vascular system/ radial & bilateral symmetry

protostome - mouth develops first(during gastrulation)

Deuterostomes - mouth develops second(anus develops first)