LESSON 11: TEXT, INFORMATION AND MEDIA

TEXT

• Written or spoken words

• Pictures

• Graphics

• Moving images

• Sounds

• And any or all the above

INFORMATION

• About everything

Example: name, address, occupation, etc.

MEDIA

This refers to the combination of physical objects used to communicate or mass communication through physical objects such as radio, television, computers, or film, etc.

it also refers to any physical object used to communicate media messages.

TEXT INFORMATION AND MEDIA

This refers to materials, programs, applications and the like that teachers and students use to formulate new information to aid learning through the use, analysis, evaluation and production of alphanumeric characters and symbols.

TYPES OF MEDIA TEXT

• Informative

• Descriptive

• Instructive

• Persuasive

INFORMATIVE TEXTS

• Provide information to the reader

INFORMATIONAL TEXT

(FEATURES & PREVIEW)

• SUBTITLES/HEADINGS

• BODY OF THE ARTICLE

• PICTURES WITH CAPTIONS

• HIGHLIGHTED WORDS

• ILLUSTRATIONS WITH LABELS

DESCRIPTIVE TEXTS

• Want you to picture what they are describing.

Examples: travel book, novels, short stories

INSTRUCTIVE TEXTS

• Instruct or tell you how to do something

Examples: recipes, cookbooks, leaflet, booklet, brochures

PROCEDURE TEXT

• Is a text containing a goal and steps about how to make or to do something.

LANGUAGE FEATURE:

1. Using imperative (mix, stir,  turn on, etc.)

2. Using simple present tense

3. Using connective or sequence (then, while, next, etc.)

4. Numbering (first, second, third, etc.)
   

PERSUASIVE TEXTS

• Want you to do something

Examples: Advertisement, letter of invitations.

FORMAT OF TEXT

.TXT

A TXT file is a standard text document that contains unformatted text. It is recognized by any text editing or word processing program and can also be processed by most other software programs.

• New Text Document.txt - The default filename Microsoft Windows gives to new text documents created via the context menu

• README.txt - A text file commonly included with software installers that provides information about the software. Users should often read this file before using the software.

RTF file

is a common text file format that supports "rich text." It includes several types of text formatting, such as bold type, italics, different fonts and font sizes, and custom tab settings.

(Difference between RTF File and Docx File: RTF cannot hold large amount of information)

.LOG file

is a log used by various operating systems and programs. It typically contains a plain text log of certain events with their timestamps. LOG files may be created by the operating system to keep track of system events or by a software installation program to list location and names of installed files

.Docx File

is a document created by Microsoft Word, a popular word processing program. It may contain formatted text, images, drawn objects, and other document elements.

TYPEFACE

WHAT IS A TYPEFACE?

• also called font, font type, or type

• refers to the representation or style of a text in the digital format

• usually comprised of alphabets, numbers, punctuation marks, symbols and other special characters

SERIF:

• connotes formality and readability in large amount of texts

• usually used for the body text of books, newspapers, magazines and research publication.

• give a classic or elegant look when used for title or heading

• Ex: Times New Roman, Garamond, Baskerville

SAN SERIF

• brings a clean or minimalist look to the text

• used for clear and direct meaning of text such as road signage, building directory or nutrition facts in food packages

• give a modern look and is used primarily in webpage design

• Ex: Arial, Helvetica, Tahoma, Verdana, Calibri

SLAB SERIF:

• carries a solid or heavy look to text

• can be used for large advertising sign on billboards

• Ex: Rockwell, Playbill

SCRIPT:

• draws much attention to itself because of its brush-like strokes

• must be used sparingly and not to be used in large body text

• usually used in wedding invitation cards or other formal events.

• Ex: Edwardian, Vladimir, Kunstler

DECORATIVE:

• caters to a wide variety of emotions (such as celebration, fear, horror, etc.) or themes (such as cowboys, circus, holidays, summer, kiddie, etc.)

• Ex: Chiller, Jokerman, Curlz MT

DESIGN PRINCIPLES AND ELEMENTS

1. EMPHASIS - importance or value given to a part of the text-based content make the text bold Italicized have a heavier weight darkened or lightened Enlarged

2. APPROPRIATENESS - how fitting or suitable the text is used for a specific audience, purpose or event

3. PROXIMITY - how near or how far the text elements from each other when two things are closely related, bring them close together

4. ALIGNMENT - how the text is positioned in the page left, center, right, or justified

5. ORGANIZATION - conscious effort to organize the different text elements in a page ensures that while some text elements are separated from each other, they are still somehow connected with the rest of the elements in the page

6. REPETITION - consistency of elements unity of the entire design repeating some typefaces within the page

7. CONTRAST - creates visual interest two elements are different from each other CONTRAST: TWO ELEMENTS ARE DIFFERENT white text on a dark background large font with a small font serif and sans serif thin elements with wide elements cool color and warm color

DIFFERENT DIMENSIONS OF TEXT INFORMATION AND MEDIA

• WEBSITES

• ADVERTISING

• PRINT ADS

• TSHIRTS

• VIDEO GAMES

• FILMS

• BILLBOARDS

LESSON 12: VISUAL, INFORMATION AND MEDIA

Visual information is the use of one or more of the various visual media with or without sound.

These are sources of data or information in the form of visual representations. Generally in the form of still photography, motion picture photography, video or audio recording, graphic arts, visual aids, models, display, visual presentation services, and the support processes.

Visual media is seen on billboards, smartphones, newspapers, screen projectors, posters, televisions, computers and various other mediums and devices.

ADVANTAGES OF VISUAL MEDIA

• Effective for illiterate receiver

• Helps in oral communication and easier explanation

• Popular

• Presentable

LIMITATIONS OF VISUAL MEDIA

• Costly

• Complex presentation and

The elements and principles of design are the building blocks used to create a work of art. The elements of design can be thought of as the things that make up a painting, drawing, design etc. Good or bad- all paintings will contain most of if not all, the seven elements of design.

COLOR- Colors play a large role in the elements of design with the color wheel being used as a tool, and color theory providing a body of practical guidance to color mixing and the visual impacts of specific color combination.

**SHAPES -**A shape is defined as a two or more dimensional area that stands out from the space next to or around it due to a defined or implied boundary, or because of differences of value, color, or texture.

TEXTURE - Meaning the way a surface feels or is perceived to feel. Texture can be added to attract or repel interest to an element, depending on the pleasantness of the texture.

LINE - Helps to enhance, direct, and create movement.

SIZE - Size is how small or large something is: a small shirt vs. an extra large shirt, for example. Use size to define importance, create visual interest in a design (via contrasting sizes), attract attention and more.

SPACE - Space is the area around or between elements in a design. It can be used to separate or group information. Use it effectively to: give the eye a rest; define importance; lead the eye through a design and more.

PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

Principles applied to the elements of design that bring them together into one design. How one applies these principles determines how successful a design may be.

• Contrast

• Repetition

• Alignment

• Proximity
  

LESSON 13: AUDIO, INFORMATION AND MEDIA

What is an Audio?

• sound, especially when recorded, transmitted, or reproduced.

AUDIO MEDIA

• media communication that uses audio or recordings to deliver and transfer information through the means of sound.

TYPES OF AUDIO INFORMATION

1. Radio Broadcast - live or recorded audio sent through radio waves to reach a wide audience.

2. Music - vocal or instrumental sounds combined in such a way as to produce beauty of form, harmony, and expression of emotion.

3. Sound Recording - recording of an interview, meeting, or any sound from the environment.

4. Sound Clips / Effects - any sound artificially reproduced to create an effect ina dramatic presentation (ex. sound of a storm, or a door).

WAYS TO STORE AUDIO INFORMATION

1. Tape - magnetic tape on which sound can be recorded.

2. CD (Compact Disc) - a plastic-fabricated, circular medium for recording, storing, and playing back audio, video, and computer data.

3. USB Drive - an external flash drive, small enough to carry on a key ring, that can be used with any computer that has a USB Port.

4. Memory Card - is a small storage medium used to store data such as text, pictures, audio, and video, for use on small, portable, or remote computing devices.

5. Computer Hard Drive - secondary storage devices for storing audio file.

6. Internet/Cloud - websites or file repositories for retrieving audio files, and more precisely the files are stored in some datacenter full of servers that is connected to the Internet.

UNITS OF SOUND

DECIBEL

• Or simply dB

• Noise of sound measurement

HERTZ

• Or simply Hz

• Unit of sound frequency

CHARACTERISTICS OF SOUND

@@VOLUME

• @@Intensity of a sound

@@TONE

• @@Audible characteristic of a sound

@@PITCH

• @@Is how high or low a sound is

PURPOSES OF SOUND

• Give instruction or information.

• Provide feedback.

• To personalize or customize

ELEMENTS OF SOUND DESIGN

1. Dialogue - speech, conversation, voice-over

2. Sound Effects – any sound other than music or dialogue

3. Music – vocal or instrumental sounds (or both) combined in such a way as to produce beauty of form, harmony, and expression of emotion