Radiation

Automatic -  processor machine that automates all film-processing Steps



beam alignment device -  assists in the positioning of the position indicator device



Bitewing - image view that shows the crowns of both arches on one film



calcium tungstate - common type of phosphor



cassette - contains extraoral films during exposure



cephalometric film - shows the bony and soft tissue areas of the facial profile



charge-coupled device (CCD) -  solid-state image sensor used in intraoral digital imaging



digital image - electronic signals captured by sensors and displayed on computer monitors



digitize - scanning of traditional film-based radiographs into a digital image



duplicating film -  film designed for use in film duplicating Machines



emulsion (ee-MUL-shun) - coating on the x-ray film that contains energy-sensitive crystals



extraoral film - film designed for use in cassettes



film speed - sensitivity of the emulsion on the film to radiation intensifying screen part inside an extraoral cassette that converts x-ray energy into visible light, which in turn exposes screen film



intraoral film - film designed for placement in the patient’s mouth



label side - colored side of the film that faces the tongue



latent image - invisible image on the x-ray film after exposure but before processing



Occlusal - radiographic view that shows large areas of the maxilla or mandible



panoramic film - used in cassettes to provide a wide view of both the upper and lower jaws



periapical (per-ee-AP-i-kul) - radiographic view that shows the crown, root tip, and surrounding structures



phosphor storage plate (PSP) - reusable film-sized plates coated with phosphor as the image receptor



positioning instruments - intraoral devices used to position and hold the film, sensor, or PSP 

processing - series of steps that change exposed film into a radiograph; steps include developing, rinsing, fixing, washing, and drying



radiograph (RAY-dee-oe-graf) - image produced on photosensitive film by exposing the film to radiation and then processing it


teledentistry - process of using electronic transfer of images and other information for consultation and/or insurance purposes in dentistry 



tube side - solid white side of the film packet that faces the x-ray tube



artifact - blemish or unintended radiographic image that is not present in the actual structure



confidentiality - never revealing any personal information about the patient



Disclosure - process of informing the patient about a procedure, for example, the procedure for taking x-rays



image receptor - recording medium for an image—a digital sensor, a phosphorstorage plate (PSP), or conventional dental x-ray film



informed consent - permission granted by a patient after being informed about the risks, benefits, and alternatives of a procedure



liability - accountability or legal responsibility



malpractice - professional negligence



Negligence - failure to provide a proper or reasonable level of care



phosphor storage plates (PSPs) - reusable film-sized flexible plates coated with phosphor as the image receptor



positioning devices - intraoral devices used to position and hold the film, sensor, or PSP



quality assurance (QA) - plan to ensure that the dental office produces consistent, high-quality images with a minimum of exposure to patients and personnel



quality control -  tests specific tests used to ensure quality in dental x-ray equipment, supplies, and film processing



risk management - policies and procedures that will reduce the chance that a malpractice lawsuit will be brought against the dentist; key areas of risk management include patient-informed consent, patient records, confidentiality, liability issues, and patient education



standard of care - level of knowledge, skill, and care comparable with that of other dentists who are treating similar patients under similar conditions



stepwedge - device constructed of layered aluminum steps to demonstrate film densities and contrasts



view box - illuminated boxlike device used to view radiographs



angulation alignment of central ray of x-ray beam in horizontal and vertical planes



bisecting (bisection of the angle) - technique intraoral technique of exposing dental images

bitewing type of image used for interproximal examination



central ray - x-ray at center of beam



contact area area of the mesial or distal surfaces of a tooth that touches an adjacent tooth in the same arch



crestal bone - coronal portion of alveolar bone found between the teeth



developmental disability - impairment of mental or physical functioning that usually occurs before adulthood and lasts indefinitely



diagnostic quality - referring to images with the proper structures and necessary density, contrast, definition, and detail for diagnostic purposes



Interproximal - between two adjacent surfaces



intersecting - cutting across or through



long axis of the tooth - imaginary line dividing the tooth longitudinally (vertically) into two equal halves



occlusal technique - used to examine large areas of the upper or lower jaw



parallel - moving or lying in the same plane, always separated by the same distance



paralleling technique - intraoral technique of exposing periapical and bitewing images



perpendicular - intersecting at or forming a right angle



physical disability -  impairment in certain function(s) of the body,

such as vision, hearing, or mobility

  • radiographic technique - A method used to capture images of dental structures, ensuring optimal positioning to achieve accurate diagnostic results.

positioning instrument - intraoral device used to position and hold the film, sensor, or phosphor storage plate



right angle - angle of 90 degrees formed by two lines perpendicular to each other