Sports Science 🫁

Function of the heart

The heart is the main muscle in are body

Main use - The deliver oxygenated blood to different parts of the body e.g. the lungs

Function of the lungs

The lungs are are the muscles that allow us to breathe

Main use - To breathe in oxygen and breath out Carbon dioxide

How it works - When we inhale (breathe in) are lungs expand, are muscles contract and are diaphragm pulls down vis versa (When we exhale are lungs shrink, are muscles relaxe and are diaphragm relaxes)

Function of the Alveoli

Oxygen from the bronchiole blood is absorbed by moisture in the air sacks (alveoli)

Carbon dioxide in the blood is changed back into air and goes to the lungs to be breathed out

Function of the Blood Vessels

Arteries - Carries oxygenated blood away from the heart

Capillaries - Enables exchange of oxygen with the body

Veins - Carries blood from the capillaries to the heart which then gets pumped to the lungs to be re-oxygenated

Function of the cardiovascular system

Four main factors:

  • Delivers oxygen and nutrients to the body

  • Regulates body temperature

  • Protects body against infection and disease

  • Removes waste products e.g. Carbon Dioxide

Blood Pressure

When the heart contracts it pumps blood through blood vessels = Blood Pressure

Two values

Systolic Value: Blood Pressure when the heart is contracting

Diastolic Value: Blood Pressure when the heart is relaxing

Average blood pressure

Adult - 80/100

Child (Age 12 ) - 100/120

Pulse

You can find your pulse wherever there is a large artery (vein) running

Two good places to find it

  • Inside your wrist

  • Side of your neck

How we know?

You can feel a small beat under your skin

When you exercise?

When we exercise are body needs a lot of oxygenated blood therefore are heart pumps faster to supply are body’s with the oxygen it needs.

Your heart

You need to keep your heart happy and healthy as it is the most importantly muscle in your body. If we didn’t have a heart we wouldn’t be able to do anything.

Some things we can do:

  • We need to exercise are heart to make it strong

  • Eat healthy food and avoid food with lots of unhealthy fats

  • Five servings of fruit/vegetables each day

  • Avoid energy drinks and fruit juices

  • Don’t smoke, it can hurt your heart and your lungs

  • Try to be active at least 30 minutes a day