AP Unit 2 Test Prep

Demographics

  • You have to know the Demographic Transition Model /DTM, test is very heavy on questions with a variety of questions from it  Charts, pyramids

  • Patterns of Demographic characteristics throughout the world  highs and lows

  • Population pyramids need to be identified and connected with the stages they show

  • Dependency Ratios need to be connected to the stages of the DTM and how they can be seen in population pyramids  LDCs   MDCs        poor        wealthy

  • Also you need to be able to connect the DTM to Pro and Anti natalist policies (examples of as well!) and Stage 2, 4 and 5 concerns    Also which stage would have the most Demographic Momentum stage 2 lots under 15

  • Role of women in lowering a country’s fertility

  • To be a broken record you will need to connect the Epidemiologic Transition to the DTM

  • Identify the different densities from maps and their definitions

  • Thomas Malthus and neo Malthusions          Boserup and Cornucopians 

  • Though parts of the world like areas of Sub Saharan Africa are still in Stage 2 the overall fertility rates in the world have been dropping

  • Overpopulation occurs when you exceed carrying capacity  

Migration

  • Categories of Push and Pull Factors  with examples

  • Reasons for and examples of asylum seekers and refugees (Conflicts in Iraq, Syria, Afghanistan, Sudan,,,) Internally displaced person

  • Examples of Intervening obstacles, opportunities, and step migration

  • Ravenstein’s Rules (remember most are just common sense!)

  • Types and examples of Migration streams International/Transnational (Guest workers to SW Asia/Middle East, Europe), Interregional (LDC Rural to Urban US North to South, Intraregional (MDC Urban to Suburban)

  • Zelinsky’s Migration transition  Google Classroom

  • 2 ways that Chain migration is seen (US Laws allowing the reunification of families with Asians taking the best advantage of this, Migration streams following earlier groups that are like them ethnic neighborhoods like Little China/Italy/Vietnam in the US though this is found in all MDC cities that allow migration

  • How US immigration laws create the Brain Drain effect in LDCs and how that hurts them though some send remittances home

  • Effects of immigration in host countries

Additional Details

Explain how US quota laws contribute to both brain drain and chain migration. We accept those from other countries with advanced degrees.  The effect it has on the country they leave is called brain drain.  Once they establish themselves in the US they bring their families because most of our quota law is dedicated to family reunification.  This is an example of chain migration (remember the other is similar groups following one another and settling the same areas like ethnic neighborhoods.)  Which groups take the best advantage of the chain migration laws? Asians especially people from China and India

Basic Effects of Migration ESPN

  • Economic- many migrants do the low skill low-income types of jobs lowering costs for the host country.  Fear of losing jobs to the migrants. It can also be very expensive enforcing immigration policies (Law enforcement, walls,,,) Educated leaving hurts the country they leave

  • Social/cultural- migrants can create new cultural imprints in cities/neighborhoods (food, religion, businesses…)  This can also lead to tensions with the society they are joining

  • Political- Debate can become very divisive on what and how to enact a country’s immigration policies