bio

Bioaccumulation and Biomagnification Definitions

• Biodegradable Substances: Easily broken down in the environment (e.g., sewage, food scraps).

• Non-Biodegradable Substances: Break down slowly or not at all (e.g., DDT, mercury, plastics).

Toxins

• Pollutants become toxins when they harm living organisms (e.g., DDT, mercury).

Impact on Ecosystems

• Producers: Absorb non-biodegradable substances with water, leading to accumulation.

• Food Chain: Toxins accumulate in producers; herbivores store them in fat, leading to higher concentrations.

• Biomagnification: Toxins increase at higher trophic levels affecting secondary and tertiary consumers.

Consequences

• High toxin levels can cause poisoning and weakened immunity, making organisms susceptible to disease.