Minerals
Overview of Minerals
A mineral is defined as a naturally formed, inorganic solid that has a definite crystalline structure.
Key Characteristics of Minerals
Solid:
Cannot be a liquid or a gas.
Naturally Occurring:
Found in nature, not man-made.
Inorganic:
Is not alive and never was, categorized as non-living materials.
Fixed Composition:
Minerals are characterized by a specific chemical formula.
Most minerals are formed from compounds of two or more elements.
Some minerals consist of a single element, e.g., Gold (Au).
Crystal Form:
Minerals have a definite structure where atoms are arranged in a specific geometric pattern.
Questions to Determine if an Item is a Mineral
When assessing whether an item qualifies as a mineral, consider the following questions:
Is it non-living material?
Is it a solid?
Is it formed in nature?
Does it have a crystalline structure?
Examples of Items: Minerals vs Non-Minerals
Items for Classification:
Wood:
Classification: Non-Mineral (once living).
Gold:
Classification: Mineral.
Fossil:
Classification: Non-Mineral (once living).
Topaz:
Classification: Mineral.
Bones:
Classification: Non-Mineral (living material).
Granite:
Classification: Non-Mineral (intrusive igneous rock).
Quartz:
Classification: Mineral.
Pearls:
Classification: Non-Mineral (made by oysters).
Talc:
Classification: Mineral.
Icebergs:
Classification: Mineral (noted: ice is listed as a mineral according to IMA).
Diamonds:
Classification: Mineral.
Coal:
Classification: Non-Mineral (sedimentary rock).
Rock Salt:
Classification: Non-Mineral (sedimentary rock).