Anatomy Quiz 3

Get a hint

hint

O: mastoid process

I: sternum and clavicle

O: mastoid process

I: sternum and clavicle

SCM origin and insertion

Two heads

Interesting about SCM insertion

1. anterior aspect of SCM

2. median line of neck

3. inferior border of mandible

Borders of the anterior/ visceral triangle

1. posterior aspect of SCM

2. anterior aspect of trapezius

3. middle third of clavicle

Borders of posterior/ vertebral triangle

1. hyoid

2. cricoid

3. trachea

Anterior Triangle cartilages include (3)

1. suprahyoid

2. infrahyoid

2 types of hyoid cartilage

at the level of C3

where is hyoid cartilage found

hyaline

what type of cartilage are thyroid and circoid cartilage

behind the larynx, at the level of C4/C5

where is the thyroid cartilage found

the trachea

what does cricoid cartilage lead into

level of C6

where is cricoid cartilage found

pulls down on hyoid

what is the role of the omohyoid

superior

which belly of the omohyoid is the insertion

• depress the hyoid bone and pull it down

• swallowing (helps with hyoid stability)

what are the roles of the infrahyoid group

cervical plexus (ventral rami)

what is the infrahyoid group innervated by

hyoid

omohyoid superior belly insertion

superior border of scapula

omohyoid inferior belly origin

O: posterior surface of manibrium (sternum)

I: hyoid

sternohyoid origin and insertion

it is distal

What is significant about the origin of the sternohyoid

1. omohyoid superior belly and inferior belly

2. sternohyoid

What 2 muscles are included in the superficial layer of the infrahyoid

1. thyrohyoid

2. sternothyroid

What 2 muscles are included in the deep layer of the infrahyoid

thyrohyoid

What muscle has a membrane behind it

O: posterior surface of manibrium (sternum)

I: thyroid

sternothyroid origin and insertion

directly, indirectly

Sternothyroid acts ___ on thyroid and ___ on hyoid

O: thyroid

I: hyoid

thyrohyoid origin and insertion

• stylohyoid

• mylohyoid

• digastric (anterior and posterior belly)

what muscles are included in the suprahyoid group?

pulling up on the hyoid

What is the group action of the suprahyoids?

cranial nerves

suprahyoids are innervated by:

O: styloid process

I: hyoid bone

stylohyoid origin and insertion

cranial n. 7 (facial)

stylohyoid innervation

mandible

anterior belly of digastric insertion

cranial n. 5 (trigeminal)

anterior belly of digastric innervation

mastoid process

posterior belly of digatric origin

cranial n. 7 (facial)

posterior belly of digastric innervation

O: mylohyoid line of mandible

I: mylohyoid raphe (central tendon) and hyoid bone

mylohyoid origin and insertion

tethered; hyoid

the tendon that connects the digastric bellies is “____” to the ____

C7

the trachea begins at:

no

is the trachea composed of complete circles?

posteriorly

where does the thyroid cartilage open?

yes

is the cricoid cartilage composed of complete circles?

posterior

on which side is the cricoid cartilage larger?

vocal folds

The cricoid cartilage is the landmark for what?

swallowing and speech

cranial n. 10 (vagus) motor function

sore throat

cranial n. 10 (vagus) sensory function

1. internal jugular v.

2. cranial n. 10 (vagus)

3. common carotid a.

carotid region contents (3) from lateral to medial

internal carotid a.

which artery goes up into the brain?

C4

The common carotid artery branches at the level of:

1. maxillary

2. superficial temporal

terminal branches of external carotid artery

1. superior thyroid

2. ascending pharyngeal

3. lingual

4. facial

5. occipital

6. posterior articular

7. maxillary

8. superficial temporal

8 branches of external carotid artery

maxillary artery

-biggest of 2 teminal branches

-supplies blood to the deep face, sinuses, teeth, oral cavity, nasal cavity

-nose bleed artery

superficial temporal artery

-smaller of 2 terminal branches

-anterior to the ear

-superior to the face

facial artery

-supplies blood to the superficial face, dermis, muscles of facial expression

-branches off mandible

lingual artery

-supplies the tongue

-large-ish

internal jugular vein

receives blood from the brain, cranial cavity, head, neck

brachiocephalic vein

internal jugular vein + subvlavian vein =

thyroid

what gland has to do with metabolism and calcium?

1. cartilage (thyroid, cricoid, tracheal)

2. nerves (cervical plexus, CN 10+12)

3. vasculature (CCA, IJV)

4. glands (thyroid, sublingual, submandibular)

Contents of the anterior triangle (4)

1. muscles

2. nerves: phrenic n, brachial plexus

3. vessels: subclavian a, v

Contents of the posterior/ vertebral triangle (3)

cranial n 11 (spanial accessory)

sternocleidomastoid innervation

1. lateral neck flexion (ear to shoulder)

2. axial rotation (chin to ceiling)

sternocleidomastoid unilateral functions

1. neck flexion

2. chin elevation

sternocleidomastoid bilateral functions

chin goes up and to the left

What happens when you activate the right SCM?

chin goes up and to the right

What happens when you activate the left SCM?

cranial nerve 11 (spinal accessory)

What nerve innervates the SCM and the trapezius?

-assist with neck flexion and lateral neck flexion

-elevate thoracic cage by moving ribs 1 and 2

scalene mucles functions

cervical ventral rami

innervation of the scalenes

between the anterior and middle scalene

Where are the trunks of the brachial plexus found?

O: transverse process of C3-6

I: scale tubercle of rib 1

anterior scalene origin and insertion

O: transverse processes

I: rib 1

middle scalene origin and insertion

O: transverse processes of C4-C6

I: rib 2

posterior scalene origin and insertion

phrenic n

-runs on the anterior surface of the anterior scalene

-posterior triangle

-cervical ventral rami C3-5 (C3,4,5 keeps the man alive)

-innervates diaphragm

winged scapula

-damaged long thoracic n

-affects serratus anterior

-scapula not stabilized on thorax

long thoracic n

-long, runs down thorax

-very superficial

-prone to damage

1. upper trapezius

2. lower trapezius

3. serratus anterior

scapular upward rotation muscles (3)

ABduction, rotation

protraction has elements of ___ and ___

primary scapular stabilizer and protector

serratus anterior function

serratus anterior

What muscle crosses between the back and side and has interdigitations (attaches on ribs)?

O: ribs 1-9

I: medial border of scapula (between scapula and thorax)

serratus anterior origin and insertion

deep scapular n

What nerve is deep to the rhomboid?

O: transverse processes of C1-4

I: superior angle of scapula

levator scapulae origin and insertion

dorsal scapular n (brachial plexus)

innervation of levator scapulae

1. elevate scapula

2. assist in downward rotation

3. lateral flexion and extension of neck

functions of levator scapulae (3)

O: spinous process of T2-5

I: medial border of scapula (below spine)

rhomboid minor origin and insertion

dorsal scapular n

rhomboid minor innervation