Cells -- bacteria

Prokaryote

A single-celled organism that lacks a distinct nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.

Eukaryote

An organism with a cell that contains a membrane-bound nucleus and other organelles.

Polysaccharides

Complex carbohydrates; make up the capsule in bacteria.

Escherichia coli

E coli.

Streptococcus Pneumoniae

Pneumonococcus.

Virulent

Causes viruses and disease.

Avirulent

Doesn’t cause viruses or disease.

Peptidoglycan

A protein sugar (polysaccharide) molecule that makes up the cell wall.

Flagella

Long, thin appendages that enables movement.

Pili

Short, hair-like proein appendages on the surface of many bacteria and archaea that are used for attachment, movement and genetic transfer.

Plasmids

Small extrachromosomal genetic structures carried by many strains of bacteria; made of a circular piece of DNA

Conjugation

a process by which bacteria exchange genetic information.

Glycoprotein

Protein with attached carbohydrate chains.

Proteoglycan network

Small core proteins with many carb chains.

Proteoglycan complex

Many IMFs with a long polysaccharide.

IMF

Intermollecular Force

Fibronectin

Attaches cells to ECM, binds to integrins in membranes that connect to microfilaments, transmits signals from ECm to cytoskeleton.