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First Generation
(1945 - 1956)
> Harvard Mark 1
> Vacuum tubes
>Very large
> unreliable processing
> Machine code- binary
> Slow and not very versatile
>ENIAC- First computer to use electrical signals for calculations
>UNIVAC and IBM 700
Second Generation
(1956 - 1963)
> Main electrical component- Transistors (1947)
> Smaller and faster computers
> More reliable
> Energy efficient
> Assembly Language- less cryptic
> IBM 1400, UNIVAC 3 and NCR 300
Third Generation
( 1964 - 1970)
> Main electrical components- IC
> Language- high level
> use of Base 10 number system to program
> Languages closer to English-like-words
> IBM system 3 and 7
> UNIVAC 9000
Fourth Generation
(1971 - present)
> Microprocessors
> Use LSI, VLSI and ULSI technologies
> Smaller, cheaper, faster and more reliable
> increased processing power
> IBM 3090, RISC 6000, HP 9000 CRAY 2 XMP
> Chip sizes reduced to 14nm ( IBM z14)
> Improved security and efficiency
Fifth Generation
(present - future)
> AI
> voice recognition
> Emerging technology: Quantum Computers
> Use qbits instead of bits