Med term 3 (blood and lymph system and cardiovascular) , medical terminology quiz 2 (eye medical and respiratory) , medical terminology quiz 1 (nervous and endocrine system)

angi/o

vas/o

vascul/o

vessel

aort/a

aorta

arteri/o

artery

ather/o

fatty (lipid) paste

atri/o

atrium

cardi/o

heart

my/o

muscle

pector/o

steth/o

chest

sphygm/o

pulse

thrombo

clot

ven/o

phleb/o

vein

varic/o

swollen, twisted vein

ventricul/o

ventricle (belly or pouch)

hypotension

low blood pressure

hypertension

high blood pressure

normal sinus rhythm (NSR)

regular rhythm of the heart cycle stimulated by the SA node (average rate of 60 to 100 bmp)

thrombus

stationary blood clot

embolus

clot (e.g. air, fat, foreign object) carried in the bloodstream that obstructs when it lodges

stenosis

narrowing

occlusion

plugging; obstruction

ischemia

decreased blood flow to tissue caused by constriction or occlusion of a blood vessel

infarct

localized area of necrosis caused by ischemia as a result of occlusion of a blood vessel

aneurysm

bulging of the wall of the heart, aorta, or artery caused by congenital defect or acquired weakness

claudication

pain in a limb (especially the calf) while walking that subsides after rest; caused by inadequate blood supply

diaphoresis

profuse sweating

palpitation

subjective experience of pounding, skipping or racing heartbeats

arrhythmia

dysrhythmia

any of several kinds of heartbeat irregularity or loss of rhythm

bradycardia

slow heart rate (less than 60bpm)

fibrillation

chaotic, irregular heart contractions

flutter

extremely rapid but regular heart contractions, as in atrial or ventricular flutter (typically 250-350 bpm)

tachycardia

fast heart rate (more than 100bpm)

cardiac tamponade

compression of the heart produced by accumulation of fluid in the pericardial sac

congestive heart failure

left ventricular failure

failure of the left ventricle to pump an adequate amount of blood to meet demands of the body, resulting in a "bottleneck" of congestion in the lungs that may extend to veins, causing edema in lower portions of the body

cor pulmonale

right ventricular failure

condition of enlargement of the right ventricle as a result of chronic disease within the lungs that causes congestion within the pulmonary circulation and resistance of blood flow to the lungs (cor= heart)

coronary artery disease (CAD)

condition affecting arteries of the heart that reduces blood flow and delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the myocardium, most often caused by atheroclerosis

myocardial infarction (MI)

heart attack

deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

formation of a clot in a deep vein of the body

auscultation

physical examination method of listening to sounds within the body using a stethoscope

bruit

abnormal heart sound caused by turbulence within

Holter ambulatory monitor

portable electrocardiograph worn by the patient that monitors electrical activity of the heart over 24 hours

ejection fraction

measurement of the volume percentage of left ventricular contents ejected with each contraction

transesophageal echogram (TEE)

echocardiographic image of the heart after placement of an ultrasonic transducer at the end of an endoscope inside the esophagus

coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)

grafting of a portion of a blood vessel retrieved from another part of the body to bypass an occluded coronary artery, restoring circulation to myocardial tissue

anastomosis

opening between two blood vessels (or other tubular structures) to allow flow from one to another

endarterectomy

incision or coring of the lining of an artery to clear a blockage caused by a clot or atherosclerotic plaque buildup

defibrillation

termination of ventricular fibrillation by delivery of an electrical stimulus to the heart

cardioversion

restoration of normal heart rhythm either using medications or electrical shock

pacemaker

device used to treat abnormal heart rhythms by electrically stimulating the heart to contract

antianginal

drug that dilates coronary arteries, restoring oxygen to the tissues to relieve the pain of angina pectoris

antiarrhythmic

drug used to treat cardiac arrhythmisa

anticoagulant

drug that prevents blood clotting

antihypertensive

drug that lowers blood pressure

diuretic

drug that increases excretion. of urine, commonly prescribed in treating hypertension

hypolipidemic; antihyperlipidemic

drug that reduced serum fat and cholesterol

thrombolytic agents

drugs used to dissolve thrombi (blood clots)

vasocontrictor

drug that causes narrowing of the blood vessels, decreasing blood flow

vasodilator

drug that causes dilation of the blood vessels, increasing blood flow

blast/o

-blast

germ or bud

chrom/o

chromat/o

color

chyl/o

juice

hem/o

hemat/o

blood

immun/o

immune, immunity

lymph/o

clear fluid

morph/o

form, shape, structure

myel/o

bone marrow (also spinal cord)

phag/o

eat or swallow

plas/o

formation

reticul/o

reticulum, reticular; a net

splen/o

spleen

thromb/o

clot

thym/o

thymus gland

cyt/o

-cyte

cell

erthyrocyte

red bloodcell

leukocyte

white blood cell

platelets

thrombocyte

antigen

substance that, when introduced into the body, causes the formation of antibodies against it

antibody

substance produced by B cells of white blood cells that binds to an antigen that has entered the body. this antibody-antigen complex is then transported to other cellular systems where it can be destroyed or deactivated

anisocytosis

presence of red blood cells of unequal size (an=without; iso= equal)

poikilocytosis

the presence of large, irregularly shaped red blood cells (poikil/o= irregular)

microcyte

small, non nucleated rbc

macrocyte

large rbc

thrombocytosis

abnormal increase in the number of circulating platelets

thrombocytopenia

abronal decrease in the number of circulating platelets

hemolysis

alteration or destruction of the red blood cell membrane

lymphadenopathy

any disease process affecting lymph nodes

anemia

condition of a reduced number of red bloods, amount of hemoglobin, or volume of packed red cells in the blood

hemochromatosis

hereditary bleeding disorders in which there is a defect in clotting factors necessary for the coagulation of blood

leukemia

chronic or acute malignant disease of blood-forming organs, marked by abnormal leukocytes in the blood and bone marrow

myelodysplasia

disorder within the bone marrow characterized by proliferation of abnormal stem cells

metastasis

process by which cancer cells are spread by blood or lymph circulation to distant organs

polycythemia

increase in number of erythrocytes and hemoglobin in the blood

septicemia

systemic disease caused by infection of microorganisms and their toxins in the circulating blood

blood chemistry panels

automated blood chemistry tests performed on a single sample of blood; used as a general screen for disease of to target specific organs or conditions

metabolic panel

battery of tests used to screen for disease (e.g. calcium, CO2, creatinine, glucose, potassium, sodium, etc.)

venipuncture

phlebotomy

incision into, or puncture of a vein to withdraw blood for testing

hemostatic

drug that stops the flow of blood

aque/o

water

blephar/o

eyelid

conjunctiv/o

conjunctiva (to join together)

corne/o

kerat/o

cornea