cca

MTV editing

cutaway, jump cut, insert, match cuts, computer editing (avid, final cut, adobe premiere)

Potemkin Steps

sequence from Sergei Einstein’s Battleship Potemkin, through. which he made use of his theory of intellectual montage

Sergei Einstein

Russian film director who mastered the use of montage editing

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Battleship Potemkin

Lev Kuleshov and the experiment

* edit one shot
* juxtaposed with another shot
* both take on a meaning not present in either shot

20th Century Montage Editing (aka dynamic editing OR collision of shots OR discontinuity editing)

The juxtaposition of seemingly unconnected images in order to create meaning.

inter-cutting

the editing of two or more actions that take place at different locations and/or different times but give you the impression of one scene

Film editing: D.W. Griffith Birth of a Nation and way down east

introduces different shots but still keeps things in chronological order

parallel action

two or more actions that are linked by the film to appear simultaneous

continuity editing or classical editing

smooth, logical, chronological flow from shot to shot and scene to scene, simple orientation for viewers

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Ex: trip to the moon

traditional editing

cut and paste frames of film together

Epics:

spectacular, visually appealing, star actors, larger than life characters, exotic locations

EX: Avengers

Crime

underworld vs. law enforcement, gangsters

Thriller

what happens next, psycho, white knuckles

film noir

low underbelly of urban life, weak male hero has greek classic flaws, what makes you great will destroy you, male trapped in downward spiral, strong woman

Ex: BATMAN

Agatha Cristine

She had different endings for the novel, broadway musical, stage adaptations, movie adaptations, TV adaptations

science fiction

results of science, discovery, experimentation, special effects, exploration of space

fantasy

improbable- impossible characters and events

Romantic Tradgedy

unhappy ending- MOST POPULAR, unrequited love, reminds us of our first break up, someone dies

screwball comedy

golden age- depression times, rich, sophisticated, elegance, women strong

Romantic comedys

adapts to current social mores: witty dialogue, physical rhythm, battle of the sexes, happy ending,

comedy

make us laugh and forget our problems, slapstick, sophisticated, situational, character

Matte painting/ glass painting

* part of a scene is painted
* part of a scene is real
* when put together it looks real
* can use glass to shoot and place things in certain environments

deep focus picture

* foreground and background in focus
* bright background, dark foreground

deep space pictures

foreground and background are in sharp focus

* BRIGHT FOREGROUND, DARK BACKGROUND

Depth of field

* the distance between the nearest and the furthest objects that give an image judged to be in focus in a camera
* Wells mastered the use 3 actors or 3 props

Rule of third

The rule of thirds is a compositional guideline used in visual arts such as photography, painting, and design. It suggests dividing an image into thirds, both horizontally and vertically, creating nine equal parts. The points where the lines intersect are considered to be the most visually appealing areas to place the subject or points of interest in the image. This technique helps to create a balanced and dynamic composition.

Greg Toland

cinematographer of Citizen Cane

Citizen Cane “Rosebud’

trade name of the sled Kane was playing on the day he was taken away from his home and mother

Orson Wells: Deep Space

Put microphones in the ceiling to capture sounds at different distances

San Simeon Castle

Hearst built it in South San Fran, Xandau in Citizen Cane

* Empty life= oversized

Citizen Kane

* Repeatedly voted best film ever
* Based off William Randolph Hearst
* Hearst built the nation’s largest newspaper publishing tycoon

Orson Wells: Julius Cesear

a modern-dress bare stage production that evoked comparison to Nazi Germany

Orson Wells: MacBeth

stage play with all black cast

Orson Wells: War of the Worlds radio broadcast

mass hoax that was supposed to be an innocent prank- some brief listeners actually believed it

colors: red

royal, wealth, sexual, daring, strength, danger, death

gray/silver

diamond, medieval, rainy, armor, aging, metal

brown

peasant, rural, autumn, dusk

purple

royal, wizard

pink

little girls

green/yellow

alien, sick

green/blue

spring, country, rural, fertility, lucky, bizzare

orange/amber

funny, memory, back story in the “godfather”

yellow

sun, happy, devil, hell, danger, gold, halo, resurrection, birth, kitchen,

blue

tranquility, sad, night, leading actor

black

death, evil, villain, witch, piety, formal,

white

religious, stability, pure, sterile, virgin, bride, heroine, heroes, good

shooting on location

shooting of a film or television show in a real-world setting rather than a stage or backlot

backlots

standing exterior sets of such common locates as a frontier account, European village

soundstage

a windowless, soundproofed, professional shooting environment that is usually several stories high and can cover and acre or more of space

cinematography

painting with light

German Expressionism

* Camera sees the environment
* Environment shows the psychology
* Camera sees lighting. Lighting shows psychology
* Ex: The Cabinet of Dr Caligari- jagged edges, distorted sets, makeup show character’s mental state

props

articles or objects that appear

set design

a scale drawing of the set, as viewed from above, that illustrates the location of furniture, walls, doors, and windows

dreamscape/set

* Environment the characters live in, real or imagined,
* backdrop and acting space for actors
* information: story: who, what, where, when, why
* Emotional mood
* Character’s state of mind

scenery

onstage decoration to help establish the time and place of a play

production design/ art direction

the planning and creation of sets, costumes, mattes, according to an overall concept articulated by the production designed in collaboration with the director.

Director

oversees creative aspects of every part of the film

art director

designs the sets

product designer

supervises film visuals, works with director to bring screenplay to life

Halloween lighting (bottom lighting)

lighting directed at at a subject from below, casts dramatic shadows

modeling light

a light bulb in the main flash unit that is used to help the photographer see how the flash will illuminate the subject; so you can see as you set up the shot

gobo

metal cutout that is placed in front of the lens of a lighting instrument to create different shadowed images on stage

soft light

light which has a soft edge and produces subtle shadows and tones

hard light

light emitted from a relatively small source positioned close to the subject. it tends to be unflattering because it creates deep shadows and emphasizes surface imperfections

back light

illumination from behind and above the subject and opposite the camera

fill light

illumination from a source less bright than the key light, used to soften deep shadows and create contrast

key light

main source of light

lighting

for visibility and to create mood or special effects

cinematographer

in charge of camera shots

microscopic camera

device that attaches to the eyepiece of a microscope and records the subject being viewed.

hubble space telescope

a space telescope and camera used to study space elements

helicopter/ drone shot

shot taken from a helicopter

Garret Brown

invented SteadyCam which uses gyroscope

apple crates

can be used for any reason; to make a person taller, prop up equipment

over the shoulder shot

shot taken from the vantage point of behind one of the characters and included the person’s shoulder/ back

Point of View

the perspective from which a narrative is told

Extreme Close-Up

Shows a particular part of a subject with extreme detail

close up shot

shows a particular part of a subject with more detail,

* example: framing a subject from shoulders up

medium close up shot

frames the body from the chest up

medium long shot

somewhere between a medium shot and a full shot, showing the subject from the knees up

full body shot

a shot that includes a person from head to toe

master shot or american shot or two shot

the recording of a full scene, from start to finish, that has all of the talent and action in on framed sequence.

aerial shot

camera in the air or birds eye

crane shot

cranes holds camera shooting from above

dolly shot

camera moves back and fourth on a cart

tilt shot

up and down, vertical movement

pan shot

side to side, horizontal movement

lenses.

optical devices used by cameras to focus image onto film stock

tripod

stand to hold camera

camera

device used for recording.

* Uses: iris (aperture), lenses, short focal length, long focal length

clapper or clapboard

editor can match sound and picture

take

number of times a shot is taken

shot

one interrupted run of the camera

medium shot

a relatively close shot revealing the human figure from the knees up

long shot

a framing technique used to capture the environment and full body of subject.

extreme long shot

shows the object from a great distance

dutch angle shot

shot in which the camera is tilted from its normal horizontal and vertical positions

high angle shot

camera is located above eye level

low angle shot

camera located below eye-level

eye-level shot

shot made from the observers eye-level