apush test 4

king phillip's war date

1676

what was the king phillips war?

war in Massachusetts between Puritans and Indians over land after getting along previously for 50 years, INDIANS LOST

what were Indians converted to Christianity called?

"praying indians", whole towns were called praying towns

what caused relationship between Puritans and Indians go bad, causing King Phillip's war?

1) population growth of Puritans 2) indians hate Puritans fenced in livestock

what began king phillips war (aka who died)?

Chief Massasoit's death

what was the name of Chief Massasoit's son and what did he do?

Metacom (mockingly nicknamed King Phillip by settlers) disrupts the peace by beginning war with settlers to push them out and off their land but Indians lose

what percentage of people living in New England died in King Phillip's War?

10%

bacon's rebellion date

1676

what was bacon's rebellion?

settlers on the frontier led by Nathanial Bacon came back and attacked Jamestown, Virginia b/c they were angry they weren't being protected from Indian attacks. most of the rebels were former indentured servants

what is an indentured servant?

someone who receives free passage but must 1st work 7 years (once they are free they are poor)

what was the result/significance of bacon's rebellion?

people were afraid of indentured servants and slavery became popular (in 1700 slavery was dominant form of labor)

1st Great Awakening date

1730-1750

what was the 1st Great Awakening?

a massive revival of religion, people converting/returning to Christianity throughout the colonies

what was the significance of the 1st Great Awakening?

increased religious toleration in the 13 colonies and leads to creation of Methodists and Baptists (13 colonies reject anti-God part of the rapidly spreading Enlightenment movement)

who was Jonathan Edwards?

the main evangelist that was traveling through the colonies converting people

who founded Rhode Island bc he didn't agree with all of the Puritan religion?

Roger Williams (later joined by Anne Hutchinson)

how did Triangle Trade bring slavery to the colonies?

500,000 enslaved Africans came to the colonies by the "Middle Passage" (between Africa and the New World)

Era of Salutary neglect date

1600-1750

what was the Era of Salutary neglect?

time period when England didn't try to make money off the colonies

4 Northern Colonies

New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Connecticut, Massachusetts (had no religious toleration, cash crops , or slavery BUT had towns)

4 Middle Colonies

New York, Pennsylvania, Delaware, New Jersey

who was started New York?

the Dutch (Netherlands) started it to make money, Peter Stuyvosant was the governor of New Amsterdam

who started Pennsylvania?

founded by Quakers and led by William Penn

5 Southern Colonies

Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia (had cash crops, plantations spread people out so fewer churches, indentured servants)

French and Indian War dates

1754-1763

what starts the French and Indian War?

Mercantilism (also ends the period of Salutary Neglect)

what is mercantilism?

when big countries make money off their colonies

what was the 1763 Treaty of Paris?

gave England control of North American over to the Mississippi River, AND ended French and Indian War

what was the French and Indian War?

France and England were fighting for control of North America, BRITISH WIN

what was the Proclamation Line of 1763?

British Government made this and told settlers they cant protect them from Indian violence past the line

how much did the French Indian War put the British in debt?

140 millions pounds

what impact did the American Revolution have on woman?

women's status was advanced and gained respect

who were the Daughters of Liberty?

organization of women in colonies protesting British policies before the American revolution

after the American Revolution, who wrote to her husband and what did she say?

Abigail Adams wrote her husband John Adams at the 1787 Constitutional Convention and told him "don't forget the ladies"

what was the GREATEST impact from the American revolution?

created Republican Mothers which says its the job of the women to educate and raise children to be good members of the Republic

what were the Navigation Laws?

anything exported by Americans has to be exported to England using British ships, didn't work bc we smuggle and bribe

what was the Sugar Tax?

cut existing sugar tax in half BUT got serious about collecting it, charges 3 pennies on 1 gallon os sugar which cost 10 pennies for a total of 13 pennies per gallon of sugar to import (we need sugar to make whiskey and rum)

what was the Stamp Tax?

required people to pay tax on every piece of paper bc they had to put a stamp on it to be used in public, colonists boycott stamps which shuts down businesses and hurt the British

what is the Townsend Tax?

taxes 5 things we can't make (lead, tea, paint, glass, and paper) and puts a 25% tax on them, colonists boycott ALL British goods for 3 years

before the Revolutionary War, how many people were living in Boston?

17,000

what happened in the Liberty Ship Riot?

a ship belonging to Patriot John Hancock named the Liberty arrived in Boston Harbour with 30,000 gallons of Spanish wine. captain lies to tax collectors and says they have 3,000 gallons, tax collector refuses bribe and they lock him in a closet, British ship tows Liberty Ship away. 3 customs officials were watching. mob then goes attacking all 67 tax collectors throughout Boston

in repsonse to Liberty Ship Riot, how many red coats does King George send to police Boston?

3,000

stores that had cheated the boycott were labeled with what?

wodden hands signs pointing with the word "importer" written on it

who was caught trying to take an importer sign off?

Ebenezer Richardson

what did Ebenezer Richardson shoot the crowd with and who did he hit?

loaded musket with swan shot and hit a little boy named Christopher Seider in the stomach. (biggest funeral yet is organized for him with 2,000 people)

what was the Rope Walk Episode?

off duty red coat came looking for work and got attacked, then runs away and returns with 40 buddies and fight breaks out for 3 days

Boston Massacre date

1770

what was the Boston Massacre?

Hugh White was red coat on duty taunted by 10 boys calling him "lobster", he rings his alarm bell and 8 red coats come to his aid. red coats open fire, 5 people died

who was the artist who made a propoganda poster for the Boston Massacre and why is it inaccurate?

Paul Revere, painted Americans as innocent little old ladies

what happened to red coats from Boston Massacre?

put on trial and assigned John Adams as their lawyer, found not guilty

Boston Tea Party date

1773

how many cups of tea drank per day?

5-10

where was tea imported from and by who?

from India and China by the East India Tea Company

what percent tax was placed on tea?

100%

what was the 1773 Tea Act?

done by King George to help, sends 600,000 lbs of tea to colonies and got rid of 100% tax but tea still had 25% Townsend tax. colonists don't like it bc they think he's trying to trick them so they try to keep boats out BUT fail

how many boats arrive at Boston Harbour at beginning of Boston Tea Party?

3 ships made it with 90,000 lbs of tea and a 20 day timer starts for the owner Francis Rotch to pay the tax. he didn't have the tax money

how was Sam Adams involved in Boston Tea Party?

on 19th day people gathered at Old South Church and Francis Rotch joined Sam Adams at church and Adams tells Rotch to ask governor for a "pass out" which would let him go who lived 7 miles away and he asks twice but is told no

how many guys dress up as Indians and throw tea overboard?

50

how does Parliament react to Boston Massacre?

pass the Coercion Act which had British Navy seal off the harbor

where did the 1st Constitutional Congress meet and why?

in Philadelphia in reaction to Coercion Act, 13 colonies send representatives

what do the red coats do during the Constitutional Congress?

Powder Alarm, they took 300 barrels of gun powder

how many miles west of Boston is Concord (patriot stronghold of weapons)?

20

what is the quickest way to get to Concord from Boston?

500 yards across water to Charleston

what does Paul Revere tell his friend to look for?

1 lantern for by land or 2 lanterns by sea, in the Old North Church

Paul Revere's ride date

1775

what happened in Paul Revere's ride?

900 red coats leave Boston by rowboat, Paul goes to Charlestown ahead of them and gets horse named Brown Beauty from his friend and rides around saying "the regulars are out" along with 18 other people

what was the "shot heard around the world" aka battle of lexington?

happened at Lexington (5 miles before Concord) where 77 Patriot militia men had gathered on the village green and meet the red coats. someone fired a shot then red coats open fire with 200 muskets at once. it lasted 90 seconds.

deaths of Battle of Lexington

1/4 of militia men were shot, 8 dead and 10 wounded. 1 red coat was grazed

who was the 1st american to be shot at battle of lexington?

Jonas Parker, 66 year old militia man who was stabbed and killled

how many red coats were killed or wounded retreating to boston after failed lexington and concord?

300

how many patriots seige boston after battle of lexington?

20,000

war begins 1775, 2nd continental congress convenes and does what?

appoints George Washington as commander-in-chief, write "Olive Branch Petition" to King George trying to stop war by getting representation in Parliament, King George replies with "Proclamation of Rebellion" saying no

who wrote "Common Sense" in 1776?

Thomas Payne, this is the 1st time someone says America needs independence

Who writes the Declaration of Independence in 1776?

Thomas Jefferson

what was the signifigance of the battle of Saratoga?

we won- impresses France enough to form an alliance with us and declare war on the British for the balance of powers

what was the final battle of the revolutionary war?

battle of yorktown

what ended the revolutionary war?

1783 Treaty of Paris

where was Hamilton born?

Nevis Island in the Caribbean

what was Hamilton's parent's story?

his mom named Racheal was married to an older man then ran away and they got divorced. she meets James Hamilton from Scotland who was there to make money off of sugar cane and they have 2 boys named Alexander and James. dad then abandons them and mom died soon. the boys are sent to live with a cousin who commits suicide

what led to Hamilton coming to America?

he was taken in by a family who had a huge trading post and became the manager at 14 where he learned he hated slavery. at 17 a hurricane hit Nevis and he wrote an article about it which impressed his people so much that they all payed for him to go to college in America

Hamilton's college story in America?

had to 1st go to high school which he finished in 6 months. he then has 9 colleges to choose from, 1st he wrote to Princeton asking to graduate in 2 years and they said no. then he wrote to King's College and they said yes

why did Hamilton stop going to college?

he got swept up into the war and organized a militia of 25 people from his dorm room

who did George Washington help Hamilton meet?

the Schuyler family, who had a mansion in Albany, New York and Mr. Schuyler was the governor of New York and had 5 daughters. Eliza was who he married and was great friends with Angelica

what battle was Hamilton a hero of?

Yorktown

after the war, what did Hamilton do?

he became a lawyer, "read for the law" for just 6 months instead of 3 years and became the best lawyer in New York. Aaron Burr also became a lawyer at this time

what is wrong with the Articles of Confederation government?

no standing army, no federal taxation, no president, no currency

what was the ONE really good thing the A. of C. gov did?

Northwest Ordinance of 1787- established the method for new states to join the Union, had to have 60,000 people in your territory to apply to be a state

what was the 14th state?

vermont

Shay's Rebellion date

1787

what was Shay's rebellion?

tax rebellion in Massachusetts after Shays got hit with a $12 tax bill that he couldn't pay so he and 1,500 rebels march on the government building. the gov hits them with grape shot and 24 of his men were killed or wounded

what was the 1787 constitutional convention?

in Philidelphia, creates gov reflecting Republican and Enlightenment ideals rewarding marit and not privilege. montesque made 3 branch system and Rousseau created social contract

what does the legislative branch do?

make laws, the Great Compromise decides to have bicameral legislature with House and Senate. also has the electoral college

how many votes are in the electoral college?

senate has 100, house has 435, Washington DC gets 3 (need to win at least 270 votes to win president)

what does the executive branch do?

in charge of foreign affairs and army, the president can sign bills or refuse

what does the judicial branch do?

interpruts the Constitution

what are the checks and balances in our gov?

executive branch can stop the legislature with a veto.
the legislative can override a veto, remove a president from office, and amend the Constitution.
the judicial can say a law is unconstitutional.

what is the supremacy clause?

part of the constitution that says states have to obey the government

what is the 3/5 compromise?

decides that in terms of representation based on population, the slaves of a state were counted as 3/5 of a person. also makes a law that the federal government can't touch slavery laws for 20 years

Federalists

love the Constitution and want a loose interpretation of it, want a strong federal government, love the supremacy clause.
led by Hamilton, Madison, and Washington.
caused issues bc they liked tax and wanted a standing army.

anti-Federalists

want a strict interpretation of the Constitution, afraid of strong federal government.
led by Jefferson.
caused issues bc they want state's rights governing themselves, hate tax and standing armies