10B

1st person point of view

the events are told by a character in the story, uses the verbs I and Me

2nd person point of view

when the narrator refers to one of the characters (or the reader) as "You"

3rd person point of view

narrator is NOT involved in the story; uses "he," "she," "they

3rd person omniscient point of view

A method of storytelling in which the narrator knows the thoughts and feelings of all of the characters in the story.

3rd person limited point of view

the narrator only knows the thoughts and feelings of one character

aesthetic

concerning the appreciation of beauty

allusion

A reference to a well-known person, place, event, literary work, or work of art

anachronism

a thing belonging or appropriate to a period other than that in which it exists, especially a thing that is conspicuously old-fashioned.

anadiplosis

repetition of the last word of one clause at the beginning of the next clause

antithesis

the direct opposite, a sharp contrast, exact oppisite

archetype

A detail, image, or character type that occurs frequently in literature and myth and is thought to appeal in a universal way to the unconscious and to evoke a response

assonance

Repetition of a vowel sound within two or more words in close proximity

asyndeton

omission of conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clauses, or words

cache

a concealed store of goods or valuables: hiding place

cachet

a mark or distinction;

caricature

an exaggerated portrayal of one's features

Characterization

the process by which the writer reveals the personality of a character

chiasmus

A statement consisting of two parallel parts in which the second part is structurally reversed

conflict (external & internal)

A struggle between opposing forces in a literary work. Internal Conflict- a conflict with him or herself

External Conflict- a conflict with a person, animal, natural disaster, or an item

connotation

an idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal or primary meaning.

connotes

suggest something in addition to its main meaning

consonance

Repetition of a consonant sound within two or more words in close proximity.

cynical

believing that people act only out of selfish motives

denotation

The dictionary definition of a word

dichotomy

Two opposite parts of one whole, a division into two parts

diction

A writer's or speaker's choice of words

dramatic irony

when a reader is aware of something that a character isn't

e.g.

exempli gratia (for example)

elicit v. illicit

Elicit is a verb meaning to bring out or to evoke. Illicit is an adjective meaning unlawful.

ellipsis

three periods (...) indicating the omission of words in a thought or quotation

ennui

(n.) weariness and dissatisfaction from lack of occupation or interest, boredom

et al.

et alia ( and others)

etc.

et cetera, and so on

euphemism (dysphemism)

the use of a word which is thought to be less offensive or unpleasant than another word. For example, indisposed instead of sick, or to pass away, instead of to die.

evocative

calling forth a vivid image or impression

foil

A character who acts as a contrast to another character

i.e.

id est (that is)

idiosyncratic

Peculiar to one person; highly individualized

in juxtaposition

Placement of two things closely together to emphasize comparisons or contrasts

Irony

the expression of one's meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite, typically for humorous or emphatic effect.

juxtapose

to place side by side for comparison

melancholy

pensive sadness, with no obvious cause

microcosm

a miniature world or universe; a group or system viewed as the model of a larger group or system

mood

Feeling or atmosphere that a writer creates for the reader

motif

A recurring theme, subject or idea

nostalgia

a longing for something past; homesickness

oxymoron

A figure of speech that combines opposite or contradictory terms in a brief phrase.

paradox

a statement that seems contradictory but is actually true

parallelism

Phrases or sentences of a similar construction/meaning placed side by side, balancing each other

penultimate

second to last

polyptoton

repetition of words derived from the same root

polysemy

having many possible meanings or interpretations

polysyndeton

the use, for rhetorical effect, of more conjunctions than is necessary or natural

portmanteau

a new word formed by joining two others and combining their meanings

prose

written or spoken language in its ordinary form, without metrical structure. not poetry

redundant

(adj.) extra, excess, more than is needed; wordy, repetitive; profuse, lush

rhetoric

the art of using language effectively and persuasively

schadenfreude

delight in another person's misfortune

superfluous

exceeding what is sufficient or required, excess

surrogate

Substitute, person who acts for another (noun); acting as a replacement (adj)

symbolism

A device in literature where an object represents an idea.

syntax

The arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language.

tone

Attitude a writer takes toward the audience, a subject, or a character

ubiquitous

present or existing everywhere

verbal irony

A figure of speech in which what is said is the opposite of what is meant

vignette

a short, descriptive literary story

visceral

characterized by or dealing with coarse or base emotions; earthy; crude:

zeugma

use of two different words in a grammatically similar way that produces different, often incongruous, meanings

direct charecterization

where the author directly tells the reader about the character

indirect characterization

Author subtly reveals the character through actions and interactions.

round characterization

a fully developed character whose many personality traits are revealed

flat characterization

a one sided character who is simply described

static character

A character that does not change from the beginning of the story to the end

situational iorny

what is expected vs. what happends (twist in a story)

dramtic irony

when the reader or audiences knows something the character doesn't know.

verbal iorny

When a character uses sarcasim. When the caracter and the audience knows he/she is being sarcastic.

1st-person point of view example

I felt like I was drowning with all this homework from my teachers.

2nd-person point of view example

you go to the store, you see a dog

3rd-person point of view example

Sally wanted to make spaghetti, but was missing some of the ingredients.

3rd-person omniscient point of view example

sally though that mike hated her, but mike really loved her

3rd-person limited point of view example

sally thought mike hated her because of the cool looks he gave her.

aesthetic example

The types of art produced during an era determine its aesthetic values.

allusion example

If he's not careful, his love life could end up like Romeo and Juliet's.

anachronism example

in Julius Caesar, Shakespeare mentions caps, which the Romans did not wear

anadiplosis example

Fear leads to anger. Anger leads to hate. Hate leads to suffering.

antithesis example

It was the best of times, it was the worst of times

archetype example

The Mother Figure: Such a character may be represented as Fairy Mother who guides and directs a child, Mother Earth who contacts people and offers spiritual and emotional nourishment, and Stepmother who treats their stepchildren roughly.

assonance example

how now brown cow

asyndeton example

I came, I saw, I conquered

cache example

in hunger games katniss hides in district 13 while planning the rebellion

cachet example

His research in Antarctica gave him a certain cachet among other scientists.

caricature example

Her eyes were lasers, boring a hole through me. Her ears were smoking, and her hair was on fire. Mom was mad.

characterization example

"The patient boy and quiet girl were both well mannered and did not disobey their mother."

chiasmus example

"Never let a Fool Kiss You or a Kiss Fool You."

conflict (external & internal) example

she was battling depression and the wizard

connotation example

"Chicken- a term used to describe someone who is a coward."

consonance example

All's well that ends well

cynical example

there is no such thing as true love

denotation example

Although the word "home" may suggest safety and comfort, it's really simply "one's residence."

dichotomy example

Grouping mammals by those that live on land and those that live in water.