study buddy week 3

Advocate

(v) to support a cause, (n) a supporter of a cause. Synonyms: endorse, espouse, proponent. Antonyms: undermine, adversary

Underscore

(verb) to emphasize. Antonym: understate

Undermine

(v) to weaken. Synonym: compromise. Antonym: advocate, bolster

Anecdote

(n) a short story, often interesting / amusing

Corroborate

(v) to support with evidence. Synonym: substantiate. Antonyms: refute, repudiate, debunk

Substantiate

(v) to support with evidence. Synonym: corroborate. Antonyms: refute, repudiate, debunk

Concede

(v) to admit, esp. to the acknowledge an opponent's point. Related form: concession (n)

Skeptical

(adj) doubtful - Related form: (n) skepticism. Synonyms: apprehensive, cynical, misgivings

Reconcile

(v) to make things compatible - Related form / antonym: irreconcilable (adj)

Infer

(v) to draw a conclusion - note* infer ≠ imply (to suggest)

Innovative

(adj) creative, new - Related form: innovation (n). Synonym: groundbreaking. Antonym: obsolete

Diverge

(v) to go off in a different direction, Synonym: digress

Contend

(v) to claim, to make an argument, Related form: contentious (adj, meaning argumentative), Synonym: assert

Refute

(v) to dispute, to prove false, Synonyms: repudiate, debunk. Antonyms: corroborate, substantiate

Inevitable

(adj) unavoidable, certain to happen

Shortcoming

(n) a flaw or weak point

Counterargument

(n) an argument against a prior one

Foreshadow

(v) to suggest what will happen in the future, *note fore \= before

Phenomenon

(n) any observable occurrence (not just extraordinary ones)

Obsolete

(adj) outdated, no longer in use. Antonyms: innovative, groundbreaking

Indifferent

(adj) having no opinion or interest. Antonym: earnest

Ambivalent

(adj) torn between conflicting feelings

Apprehensive

(adj) nervous, doubtful. Related form: apprehension (n). Synonyms: skeptical, reluctant, misgivings

Dismay

(n) disappointment, distress, (v) to disappoint, to distress

Evoke

(v) to bring to mind, to draw forth. Related form: evocative (adj, suggestive)

Conventional

(adj) typical, traditional

Undertake

(v) to take on a task. Related form: undertaking (n)

Cultivate

(v) to nurture, to promote growth

Ironic

(adj) directly opposing what was expected. Related form: irony (n, opposite of the expected). Synonyms: satirical, wry

Hypothetical

(adj) made-up, not yet proven. Synonyms: speculative, conjectural, unfounded. Antonyms: corroborated, substantiated, empirical

Speculate

(v) to guess, to think about. Related form: speculative (adj, unproven). Synonyms: hypothetical, conjectural. Antonyms: corroborated, substantiated, empirical

Conjecture

(n) a guess, (v) to guess. Related form: conjectural (adj, unproven). Synonyms: hypothetical, speculative. Antonyms: corroborated, substantiated, empirical.

Superficial

(adj) lacking depth or substance

Allude

(v) to refer to. Related form: allusion (n, reference)

Implication

(n) meaning, significance, consequence

Condemn

(v) to criticize harshly. Synonyms: denounce, rebuke, reproach. Antonyms: empathize, extol, revere

Denounce

(v) to criticize harshly. Related form: denunciation (n, harsh criticism). Synonyms: condemn, rebuke, reproach. Antonyms: empathize, extol, revere

Rebuke

(v) to criticize harshly, (n) harsh criticism. Synonyms: condemn, denounce, reproach. Antonyms: empathize, extol, revere

Reproach

(v) to criticize harshly, (n) harsh criticism. Related form: irreproachable, (adj, blameless). Synonyms: condemn, denounce, rebuke. Antonyms: empathize, extol, revere.

Empathy

(n) compassion and understanding. Related form: empathize (v, to show compassion). Antonyms: condemn, denounce, rebuke, reproach, disdain, contempt, scorn

Extol

(v) to praise highly. Synonym: revere. Antonyms: condemn, denounce, rebuke, reproach, disdain, scorn

Revere

(v) to respect greatly. Related form: reverence (n, great respect). Synonym: extol. Antonyms: condemn, denounce, rebuke, reproach, disdain, contempt, scorn

Impede

(v) to obstruct progress. Related form: impediment (n, obstruction). Synonyms: inhibit, hinder, hamper, thwart, deter, forestall. Antonyms: prompt, spur, facilitate

Inhibit

(v) to obstruct progress. Synonyms: impede, hinder, hamper, thwart, deter, forestall. Antonyms: prompt, spur, facilitate

Hinder

(v) to obstruct progress. Related form: hindrance (n, obstruction). Synonyms: impede, inhibit, hamper, thwart, deter, forestall. Antonyms: prompt, spur, facilitate

Hamper

(v) to obstruct progress. Synonyms: impede, inhibit, hinder, thwart, deter, forestall. Antonyms: prompt, spur, facilitate

Thwart

(v) to prevent, to stop. Synonyms: impede, inhibit, hinder, hamper, deter, forestall. Antonyms: prompt, spur, facilitate

Deter

(v) to prevent, to discourage. Related form: deterrent (n, obstacle). Synonyms: impede, inhibit, hinder, hamper, thwart, forestall. Antonyms: prompt, spur, facilitate

Forestall

(v) to prevent, to block. Synonyms: impede, inhibit, hinder, hamper, thwart, deter. Antonyms: prompt, spur, facilitate. note* fore \= before

Bolster

(n) to support, to boost up. Antonyms: undermine, compromise

Endorse

(v) to support, to approve. Synonyms: advocate, espouse. Antonyms: undermine, repudiate

Espouse

(v) to adopt a cause as one's own. Synonyms: advocate, endorse. Antonyms: undermine, repudiate

Proponent

(n) a supporter. Synonym: advocate. Antonym: adversary

Enhance

(v) to improve, to add to. Synonym: supplement

Supplement

(v) to add to. Synonym: enhance, elaborate

Earnest

(adj) sincere, serious, enthusiastic. Synonym: diligent. Antonyms: indifferent, ironic, satirical, wry

Pragmatic

(adj) practical, sensible. Related form: pragmatism (n, practicality)

Indignation

(n) anger or offense. Related form: indignant (adj, angry, offended). Synonym: resentment

Resentment

(n) anger or offense. Related form: resent (v, to feel bitterness toward). Synonym: indignation

Disdain

(v) to hate deeply, (n) deep hatred. Synonyms: contempt, scorn. Antonyms: empathy, extol, revere

Contempt

(n) deep hatred. Synonyms: disdain, scorn. Antonym: empathy

Scorn

(v) to hate deeply, (n) deep hatred. Related form: scornful (adj, full of hate). Synonyms: disdain, contempt. Antonyms: empathy, extol, revere

Cynical

(adj) bitterly distrusting. Related form: cynicism (n, an attitude of distrust). Synonyms: skeptical, pessimistic, wry. Antonyms: earnest, optimistic, naive

Reluctant

(adj) hesitant, lacking enthusiasm. Synonym: apprehensive

Misgivings

(n) doubts, concerns, distrust. Synonyms: skepticism, apprehension

Resignation

(n) an attitude of having given up

Pessimistic

(adj) expecting bad outcomes, unhopeful. Synonym: cynical. Antonym: optimistic

Optimistic

(adj) expecting good outcomes, hopeful. Antonyms: cynical, pessimistic

Objective

(adj) based on facts, not on opinions. Antonym: subjective

Subjective

(adj) based on opinions, not on facts. Antonym: objective

Tentative

(adj) uncertain, not definite. Antonym: unequivocal

Ambiguous

(adj) unclear, having more than one meaning. Related form: ambiguity, (n, unclearness). Antonym: unequivocal

Unequivocal

(adj) clear, leaving no room for doubt. Related form: equivocate (v, to avoid being clear). Synonym: emphatic. Antonyms: tentative, ambiguous, implicit

Emphatic

(adj) forceful. Synonym : unequivocal. Antonym: ambiguous

Divert

(v) to draw attention away. Related form: diversion (n, distraction). Synonyms: digress, detract, tangent

Digress

(v) to go off-topic. Related form: digression (n, deviation). Synonyms: divert, detract, tangent

Detract

(v) to take away from. Synonyms: divert, digress

Innate

(adj) natural, inborn. Synonyms: inherent, intrinsic

Inherent

(adj) natural, inborn. Synonyms: innate, intrinsic

Intrinsic

(adj) natural, inborn. Synonyms: innate, inherent

Compromise

(v) to weaken, to make vulnerable. Synonym: undermine. Antonym: bolster

Qualify

(v) to limit, to make strong. Related form: qualification (n, restriction). Synonyms: temper, moderate, mitigate

Temper

(v) to make less extreme. Synonyms: qualify, moderate, mitigate

Moderate

(v) to make less extreme, (adj) not extreme. Synonyms: qualify, temper, mitigate

mitigate

to make less intense or severe. Synonyms: qualify, temper, moderate

Relent

(v) to become more mild. Related form: relentless (adj, nonstop)

Supplant

(v) to replace

Extraneous

(adj) unnecessary, irrelevant

Implicit

(adj) not directly stated. Antonyms: unequivocal, explicit

Empirical

(adj) based on evidence. Synonyms: corroborated, substantiated. Antonyms: hypothetical, speculative, conjectural, unfounded

Unfounded

(adj) not based on any evidence. Synonyms: hypothetical. Antonyms: corroborated, substantiated, empirical

Repudiate

(v) to reject as false. Synonyms: refute, debunk. Antonyms: endorse, espouse

Debunk

(v) to disprove. Synonyms: refute, repudiate. Antonyms: corroborate, substantiate

Assert

(v) to state with confidence. Synonym: contend. Antonym: equivocate

Elaborate

(v) to add more details to, (adj) highly detailed. Synonyms: enhance, supplement

Reiterate

(v) to repeat (to say again)

Replicate

(v) to repeat, to copy. Related form: replication (n, copy). Synonym: simulate

Simulate

(v) to copy, to create an imitative version. Related form: simulation (n, imitation). Synonyn: replicate

Cognitive

(adj) relating to thought or knowledge. Related form: cognition (n, thinking / knowledge)

Subsequently

(adj) later, after