RBT

ABC

Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence

Abolishing Operations

Can decrease reinforcer effectiveness. Usually associated with satiation

Acquisition

A target that is in the process of being taught. This behavior is not yet a known skill.

Antecedent Intervention

recognizing environmental factors that can attribute to problematic behavior and making changes necessary to promote appropriate behavior and reduce possible triggers for maladaptive

Antecedent

events that occur before the behavior

Backwards Chaining

Teaching skill steps one at a time from the last step to the first and prompting all steps before the step being taught. Reinforcement after teaching step and at the end of the task.

Behavior Intervention Plan

once the function of behavior has been determined, BIPs are used for antecedent strategies, responding to maladaptive behavior, teaching replacement behavior and what interventions to use, both verbal and physical

Behavior Skills Training

Procedure consisting of instruction, modeling, behavioral rehearsal, and feedback that is used to teach new behaviors or skills. Instructions, model, rehearsal, feedback

Behavior

anything a person does that can be observed and measured

4 Functions of Behavior

1) Automatic/Sensory: providing self

Chaining

Used to teach multi

Consequence

something that follows a behavior

Continuous Measurement

records every single occurrence of behavior. Examples include frequency, duration, rate, and per opportunity

Continuous Reinforcement

the target behavior occurs and is reinforced after every occurrence

Deprivation

not having something often enough and in return increases the effectiveness of it when used as a reinforcer

Differential Reinforcement

A procedure in which one behavior is reinforced while other behaviors are extinguished

DRI (Differential Reinforcement of Incompatible Behavior)

Reinforce behavior incompatible with any undesirable behavior

DRA (Differential Reinforcement of Alternative Behavior)

Reinforce behavior that is an appropriate alternative for the undesirable behavior

DRO (Differential Reinforcement of Other Behavior)

Reinforce any other behavior other than the undesirable behavior

Discontinuous Measurement

used to measure some instances of behavior but not all. Typically associated with partial and whole interval recording and momentary time sampling

Discrete Trial

learning opportunity initiated and controlled by the teacher in which the correct response will be reinforced. This is also breaking a skill into smaller parts and teaching it while using reinforcement. Allows for presentation of many learning opportunities in a short amount of time. Following the 3

Discrimination Training

the procedure in which a behavior is reinforced in the presence of another stimulus. Assists with learning how to respond in different environments or different conditions. Allows the client to learn differences between stimuli

Discriminative Stimulus (SD)

a cue that signals reinforcement is available if the subject makes a particular response (Demand or Instruction).

Dual Relationship

situation where multiple roles exist between a therapist and a parent or client. Dual relationships are also referred to as multiple relationships.

Duration

the amount of time that someone engages in a behavior

Echoic

verbal imitation, repeating the speaker

Correction (ECTER)

When a client makes a mistake on a target that has been previously mastered, do NOT acknowledge the mistake. Re

Errorless Teaching

prompt the correct response as soon as you give the Sd. Essentially, you are not giving the client a chance to make an error.

Establishing Operation

Increase the current effectiveness of a stimulus. Usually deprivation is associated with this operation

Ethics

Must follow the BCBA's code of ethics. Failure to follow the mandatory code of ethics can lead to loss of employment and certification. Please review the Code of Ethics outline.

Expressive Language

The ability to communicate. This is the ability to express ones thought's, ideas, wants, and needs. Identifying and labeling the objects in the environment, putting words together to form sentences, describing events and actions, answering questions and making requests are all examples of expressive language

Extinciton

The withholding of reinforcement for a previously reinforced behavior, resulting in reduction of that behavior

Extinction Burst

The increase of frequency and/or intensity of behavior in the early stages of extinction

Fixed Interval (FI)

this schedule of reinforcement is used for a set amount of responses

Fixed Ratio (FR)

this schedule of reinforcement is used for a set amount of responses

Forward Chaining

Teaching skill steps one at a time from the first step to the last and prompting all steps after the step being taught. Reinforcement after teaching step and at the end of the task.

Frequency

the amount of times, or count, a behavior or response happens.

Functional Behavioral Assessment

This is the process by which a behavioral interventions are created. An FBI is intended to determine the function involves manipulating the environment to understand the behavior, while a Functional Behavior Assessment involves thing in observation, interview, and collecting ABC data.

Functional Relationship

how a person's behaviors change the world around him/her, and how those changes affect the future likelihood on the same behaviors.

Functions of Behavior

Used when determining why an individual engages in certain behavior. ABA identifies 4 functions of a behavior: Escape, Access (tangibles), Attention and Sensory (automatic reinforcement).

Generalization

change occurs when the behavior occurs outside of the learning environment. It can happen across settings, time and across people and exists when the behavior occurs in these various environments

HIPPA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act)

HIPPA provides federal protection for the individual health information, including the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of protected information

Imitation

Copying someone's motor movements

Incidental Teaching

a teaching technique used in naturally occurring environments and can create natural incidents of learning. Social, communication, play and other forms of interaction.

Instructional Control

developing a history of reinforcing compliance. Placing task demands and other instructions following pairing. (The likelihood that the child will elicit a correct response.)

Intermittent Reinforcement

Schedule of reinforcing some but not all desirable behavior

Inter

Response Time

Intraverbal

Building blocks to conversation skills and it's the ability to discuss, describe, or answer a question about something that isn't physically present.

Latency

The time between when the Sd is presented, and the response is given

Listener Responding

Following a direction given. Receptive language goal.

Listener Responding Feature Function Class (LRFFC)

used to describe and receptively find an object when given the feature, function or class of that item. Appearance, what it is used for and the category it falls under.

Magnitude

the force or intensity with which a response is emitted

Maintenance

The ability of a child to demonstrate previously acquired skills over time and durations when the reinforcement has been faded

Mand

asking for something: a request that has motivation

Measurement

Collecting data on various skills or behaviors

Momentary Time Sample

looking for a behavior's occurrence during a specific part of the interval and recording if it is occurring at that precise moment. Ex: setting a timer to go off every minute for a 30

Motivating Operation

Change in environment that increases or decreases the effectiveness of a given reinforcer. Used with EO or AO.

Natural Environment Teaching

Naturalistic teaching is when the learner initiates a learning opportunity and the reinforcer is a result of the activity or learning opportunity

Negative Reinforcement

removing a stimulus to increase a behavior/ strengthen behavior

Operational Definition

Definitions of behavior that are measurable, objective and observable

Pairing

establishing yourself as a reinforcer or the deliverer of reinforcement while building positive relationship

Partial Interval Recording

involves checking off an interval if the behavior occurs at ANY point within the interval

Permanent Product

Tangible product or environmental outcome that proves a skill

Positive Reinforcement

Adding a stimulus to strengthen/ increase behavior

Preference Assessment

Assessment to determine what a child is motivated by

Primary Reinforcer (unconditioned)

items or activities that are naturally reinforcing

Deprivation

The withholding of a stimulus

Immediacy

How quickly a reinforcer is presented after a correct response is emitted

Size

The amount of reinforcement given after a correct response is emitted

Contingency

If \____ then \____ statements is used to set the expectation for reinforcement to occur

Prompt

form of assistance that you can add in order to achieve a desired response or behavior that is not occurring. Used to evoke the correct response so it can be reinforced. Stimulus and Response prompts.

Prompt Hierarchy

level of prompts used from greatest to least or least to greatest

Expressive Language Hierarchy

full verbal, partial verbal, independent

Receptive Language Hierarchy

full physical, partial physical, model, gestural, independent

Prompt Fading

gradually removing prompt levels needed or fading out the intrusiveness

Punishment

anything that is added or removed after a behavior that decreases it, make is less likely to happen again

Positive Punishment

A stimulus presented after a behavior occurs which decreases the behavior

Negative Punishment

A stimulus removed after a behavior occurs which decreases the behavior

Rate

Ratio of count per observation time

Reactive Strategies

Techniques used in an emergency or crisis situation to gain control of dangerous, out of control behaviors

Receptive Language

Receptive is listener behavior and refers to tasks that require a non

Reinforcement

Anything that is added or removed after a behavior that decreases it, makes it less likely to occur

Positive Reinforcement

A stimulus presented after a behavior occurs which increases the behavior.

Negative Reinforcement

A stimulus removed after a behavior occurs which increases the behavior

Replacement Behavior

A behavior you want to replace an unwanted target behavior

Response Prompt

any prompt that is used in expressive or receptive language such as a gestural, model, or verbal prompt

Role of an RBT

program implementation, data collection, communicating w/ stakeholders, work directly with BCBA and following written program including BIP

Satiation

When a reinforcer loses its effectiveness due to overuse

Secondary Reinforcer (conditioned)

items or activities that acquire reinforcing properties when paired with primary reinforcers

Setting Events

The context or circumstance in which an environment

Shaping

The process of reinforcing gradual changes in a behavior so the behavior begins to look like the target behavior while no longer reinforcing the previous accepted response

Skill Acquisition

Developing of new skills, habits, quality

Spontaneous Recovery

The reappearance of the extinguished behavior after a period without reinforcing the behavior

Stimulus

anything that elicits a response followed the consequence

Stimulus Control

precedes the behavior but affects the outcome; has influence over behavior

Stimulus Control Transfer

A process in which prompts are removed in order to bring the behavior under the control of the Sd and is achieved by prompt fading

Stimulus Prompt

Stimuli that are used to help evoke correct response. Positional cues, environmental, moving items or changing features/colors and size/proximity

Tact

A form of verbal behavior where the speaker sees, hears, smells, tastes something and then comments about it

Task Analysis

The process of breaking a skill down into smaller, more manageable

Token Economy

a method used to try and reinforce (increase) the frequency of a target behavior