Bio Quiz 4 Study Rev

Symmetry

balanced proportions; general features of animal

Tissue

group of similar cells that perform a particular function; general features of animal

Body cavity

a hollow space within the body that is lined by a membrane and contains bodily organs; general features of animal

Sponges

What animal does not have true tissue?

open circulatory system

A circulatory system that allows the blood to flow out of the blood vessels and into various body cavities so that the cells are in direct contact with the blood

closed circulatory system

system in which blood is contained within a network of blood vessels; human system

Mouth

In protostomes, the blastospore develop into the \______.

Anus

In Deuterostomes, the blastospore develops in the \_______.

True

In short, Eumetazoa are \______ animals.

Arthoropoda

What phylum has the most species? Chitin Exoskeleton

Parazoa

no true tissues (sponges), branch in Animal Kingdom

Eumatazoa

"True animals"; a clade of all animals except for sponges and a few others that have true tissues; branch in Animal Kingdom

Outer Epithelium

made up of flattened cells

water comes in ostia, exits through osculum; functional layer in a sponge

Mesohyl

a gelatinous region between the two layers of cells of a sponge

Internal Cavity

The lining of a \____. Functional layer of a sponge.

Diploblastic

Organism with two germ layers, endoderm and ectoderm.

Cnidaria

Diploblastic phylum

gastrovascular cavity

Where food is digested in cnidarians.

Profera

Asymmetrical animal

Eumetazoans

Symmetrical animals

Cnidarians

Radial symmetry

Bilateralia

Bilateral symmetry

Deuterostomes

second mouth

echinodermata

spiny skin

chordata

vertebrae

platyhelminthes

acoelomate flatworms

spiralia

spiral cleavage

Nematode

cuticle

Wheel animals

Lophotrochozoa are known as

Annelida

segmented worms

Mollusca

snails and squid, Phylum for soft bodied animals.

Lophotrochozoa

One of two distinct clades within the protostomes. It includes annelids and mollusks. Kingdom of soft bodied animals.

Ecdysozoa

Supergroup of protostomes; characterized by periodic molting of their exoskeleton. Include the roundworms and arthropods.

Hooks and suckers

Tapeworms use \_____ and \_____ to attach themselves to their host's intestines.

scolex

head of an adult tapeworm; can contain suckers or hooks

Proglottids

One of the segments of a tapeworm, containing both male and female reproductive organs

Genital pore

the opening in the body wall for the male or female reproductive apparatus

Mantle

dorsal body wall that hides the visceral body part of a mollusca

Foot

Part of mollusca, used for locomotion and anchorage

Internal Organs

part of mollusca: heart, stomach, intestines, and gonads.

Protostomes

Domain for soft bodied animals; spiralia and ecdysozoa

Gastropoda

Class for soft bodied animals. Snails and slugs

Polychaeta

marine worms (annelida class), many setae

Citella

Other class of annelida

Feeding

What is the lophophore used for in members of bryozoa?

Enterobium

parasite of phylum Nematoda

Ascaris

genus of roundworm parasites that live in the intestines of pigs, horses, and humans

Crustacia

Arthopod with 5 pairs of legs.

Chelicerate

arthropod that lacks antennae and has four pairs of walking legs

Hexapoda

Arthopod with three pairs of legs, most abundant

Myriapoda

Arthopod with 2-1 pairs of legs.

Spiracles

breathing tubes of insects located on abdomen, arthopod

Gills

organs that exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide with water, arthopod

Book lungs

Organs of gas exchange in spiders, consisting of stacked plates contained in an internal chamber, arthopod

Centipede

Does the centipede or millipede have only one pair of appendages per segment?

Millipede

Does the centipede or millipede have two pairs of appendages per segment?

Arthropoda

jointed appendages

Chelicerata

Spiders

Crustacea

crabs, lobsters, shrimp

Hirudinea

Leeches

Oligochaeta

Earthworms

Bivalvia

2 hinges shells

Cephalopoda

reduced or no shell

Regeneration

The ability to regrow a missing part of the body, starfish

Sexual

A method of echinoderm reproduction

Nerve cord

tubelike structure above the notochord that in most chordates develops into the brain and spinal cord

Notochord

A flexible rod that supports a chordate's back

Pharyngeal slits

Slits used for filter feeding in primitive chordates and have been adapted for other functions in more highly evolved chordates; a common feature of all chordates.

Postanal tail

muscular structure at the end of a developing chordate

Cephalochordata

a chordate clade whose members possess a notochord, dorsal hollow nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, and a post-anal tail in the adult stage.

Urochordata

tunicates, sea squirts, tunicates

Vertebrates

History of \_____: Fish, jawed fish, amphibians, reptiles, mammals

Fish

History of \_____: Jawless fish, jawed fish, agnatha, ostracoderms.

Ichthyostega

Transitional genera from fish to amphibians

Tikaalik

One of the firsh transitional genera from fish to amphibians.

Eggs, skin, breathing

What needed to happen to amphibians to transition into reptiles?

Fertilization and circulation

Two important characteristic modern reptiles developed.

Direct link to birds

Sinosauropteryx, Velociraptor, Caudipteryx, Archaeopteryx, modern birds.

Hair and mammary glands

Two main characteristics of mammals

Chondrichthyes

Cartilaginous fish

Osteichthyes

Bony fish

Actinoptergii

Ray finned fish

Sarchopterygii

Lobe finned fish

Operculum

Gill covered fish

Swim Bladder

controls buoyancy

Amphibians

Land and water organisms

Cutaneous

Type of respiration which is gas exhange via skin

Anura

Largest extant group

Reptiles

Scales and amniotic eggs

Squamata

Spiders and lizards

Chelonia

Turtles

Aves

Featured descendant

Monotreme

egg laying

Endothermic

Shared between both groups

Placental

Internal gestation

parazoa

Not true animals

symmetry

In sponges, most lack \_____.

mesohyl

Gel like packing material (amoebas are found here)

Hermaphrodites

When an organism can become either male or female: