Studied by 197 PeopleTags & Description
Volcano
a cone-shaped hill or mountain around this opening, built up of the material that is forced out.
Lava
Magma that reaches Earth's surface
Magma
A molten mixture of rock-forming substances, gases, and water from the mantle
volcanic vent
A volcanic vent is an opening exposed on the earth's surface where volcanic material is emitted. All volcanoes contain a central vent underlying the summit crater of the volcano.
magma chamber
the pocket beneath a volcano where magma collects
Main Vent (volcano)
The main outlet for the magma to escape.
crater
A bowl-shaped area that forms around a volcano's central opening
Secondary vent
Additional openings that may form to release pressure caused by the magma chamber.
volcanic bombs
large blobs of magma that harden in the air
ash cloud
a cloud of ash that forms in the air after some volcanic eruptions
pyroclastic flow
the flow of ash, cinders, bombs, and gases down the side of a volcano during an explosive eruption
Caldera
a large crater caused by the violent explosion of a volcano that collapses into a depression
composite volcano
tall, cone-shaped mountains in which layers of lava alternate with layers of ash
cinder cone volcano
A steep, cone-shaped hill or small mountain made of volcanic ash, cinders, and bombs piled up around a volcano's opening
shield volcano
A low, flat, gently sloping volcano built from many flows of fluid, low-viscosity basaltic lava
Lava Dome Volcano
Lava is too thick to flow a great distance; Lava cools and piles up around the vent; As the dome continues to grow it spills loose fragments down the sides; Sometimes occur within craters of other volcanoes
Batholith
A mass of rock formed when a large body of magma cools inside the crust
Laccolith
Relatively small, mushroom-shaped pluton that forms when magma intrudes into parallel rock layers close to Earth's surface.
Sills
sheetlike intrusions that are oriented parallel to previous rock units
subduction zone
The region where oceanic plates sink down into the asthenosphere creating volcanoes.
diverging plates
tectonic plates that are spreading apart causing volcanoes to form.
hot spot volcanoes
• A hot spot is an area where material from deep in the mantle rises and then melts, forming magma