Chapter 15 Medterm

cerebell/o

cerbellum

cerebro/o

cerebrum, brain

dur/o

hard, dura mater

encephal/o

brain

gangli/o, ganglion/o

ganglion

gli/o

glia

mening/o, meningi/o

meninges

myel/o

spinal cord

neur/o

nerve

poli/o

gray matter

radicul/o, rhiz/o

nerve root

angi/o

vessel, blood vessel

blast/o

developing cell, germ cell

cephal/o

head

crani/o

cranium

embol/o

plug

esthesi/o

sensation, sensitivity, feeling

hem/o, hemat/o

blood

hydr/o

water

ment/o, psych/o

mind

mon/o

one, single

phas/o

speech

quadr/i

four

thromb/o

blood clot

brain

contained within the cranium, the center for coordinating body activities and comprises the cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem

cerebrum

larger portion of the brain, divided into the left and right hemispheres.

gray matter

outer portion of the cerebrum, contains neuron cell bodies that collect and process information

white matter

inner portion of the cerebrum

ventricles

cavities (spaces) within the brain that contain cerebrospinal fluid ( CSF )

cerebellum

located under the posterior portion of the cerebrum; assists in the coordination of skeletal muscles to maintain balance

brainstem

stemlike portion of the brain that connects with the spinal cord

pons

literally means bridge, It connects the cerebrum with the cerebellum and brainstem

medulla oblongata

located between the pons and spinal cord

midbrain

most superior portion of the brainstem

cerebrospinal fluid ( CSF)

clear, colorless fluid contained in the ventricles that flows through the subarachnoid space around the brain and spinal cord

spinal cord

passes through the vertebral canal extending from the medulla oblongata to the level of the second lumbar vertebra

meninges

three layers of membrane that cover the brain and spinal cord

dura matter

tough outer layer of the meninges

arachnoid

delicate middle layer of the meninges

pia matter

thin inner layer of the meninges

nerve

cordlike structure made up of fibers that carries impulses form one part of the body to another.

ganglion

group of nerve cell bodies located outside the central nervous system

glia

specialized cells located throughout the nervous system that support and nourish nervous tissue

neuron

nerve cell that conducts impulses to carry out the function of the nervous system

cerebellitis

inflammation of the cerebellum

cerebral embolism

pertaining to the cerebrum, state of a plug

cerebral thrombosis

pertaining to the cerebrum, abnormal condition of a blood clot

duritis

inflammation of the dura matter

encephalitis

inflammation of the brain

encephalomalacia

softening of the brain

encephalopathy

disease of the brain

encephalomyeloradiculitis

inflammation of the brain, spinal cord, and nerve roots

ganaglitis

inflammation of a ganglion

glioblastoma

tumor composed of developing glia

glioma

tumor composed of glia

hydrocephalus

water in the head

intracerebral hemorrhage

pertaining to within the brain, excessive flow of blood

meningioma

tumor of the meninges

meningitis

inflammation of the meninges

meningocele

protrusion of the meninges

meningomyelocele

protrusion of the meninges and spinal cord

mononeuropathy

disease affecting a single nerve

myelitis

inflammation of the spinal cord

myelomalacia

softening of the spinal cord

neuralgia

nerve pain

neuritis

inflammation of a nerve

poliomyelitis

inflammation of the gray matter

polyneuritis

inflammation of many nerves

polyneuropathy

disease of many nerves

radiculitis

inflammation of the nerve roots

radiculopathy

disease of the nerve roots

rhizomeningomyelitis

inflammation of the nerve root, meninges, and spinal cord

subdural hematoma

pertaining to below the dura matter, tumor of blood

cerebellitis

inflammation of the cerebellum

cerebral embolism

pertaining to the cerebrum, state of a plug

cerebral thrombosis

pertaining to the cerebrum, abnormal condition of a blood clot

duritis

inflammation of the dura matter

encephalitis

inflammation of the brain

encephalomalacia

softening of the brain

encephalopathy

disease of the brain

encephalomyeloradiculitis

inflammation of the brain, spinal cord, and nervous roots

glioblastoma

tumor composed of developing glia

glioma

tumor composed of glia

hydrocephalus

water in the head

intracerebral hemorrhage

pertaining to within the brain, excessive flow of blood

meningioma

tumor of the meninges

meningitis

inflammation of the meninges

meningocele

protrusion of the meninges

meningomyelocele

protrusion of the meninges and spinal cord

mononeuropathy

disease affecting a single nerve

myelitis

inflammation of the spinal cord

myelomalacia

softening of the spinal cord

neuralgia

nerve pain

neuritis

inflammation of a nerve

poliomyelitis

inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord

polyneuritis

inflammation of many nerves

polyneuropathy

disease of many nerves

radiculitis

inflammation of the nerve roots

radiculopathy

disease of the nerve roots