NREMT 2025 Practice Questions: Future EMT Group

When assessing the work of breathing in a pediatric patient, you should assess

A. chest expansion, skin color, and presence of wheezes or stridor

B. using inspection, palpation, percussion, and auscultation of chest

C. breath sounds bilaterally, ventilation rate, quality, and volume

D. airway sounds, positioning, and presence of any retractions or nasal flaring

D. airway sounds, positioning, and presence of any retractions or nasal flaring

Your team is performing CPR on a 68 year old male. You are assigned the airway. When ventilating him, you should:

A. ventilate him once when CPR stops after 30 compressions

B. Use a two person ventilation technique

C. Use a BVM that can refill in 3 seconds

D. Ventilate every 15 seconds with BVM

B. Use a two person ventilation technique

A 20 year old male was playing basketball and suddenly developed chest pain and respiratory difficulty. He is alert and oriented. He complains of chest pain. His vitals are P=140, R=24, Bp=160/90. He has diminished breath sounds on the left side. He is likely suffering from:

A. tension pneumothorax

B. simple pneumothorax

C. heat exhaustion

D. heat stroke

B. simple pneumothorax

A tall, thin 21 year old male tells you he has increasing shortness of breath after playing basketball. He tells you during the first part of practice he was tired and the longer he played the more short of breath he became. You notice swelling around his neck and you hear crackles when you palpate the skin. You should suspect:

A. pulmonary embolism

B. spontaneous pneumothorax

C. pernicious anemia

D. cardiomegaly

B. spontaneous pneumothorax

Which of the following patient presentations represent the most severe stage of hypoxia?

A. A restless and agitated 72 year old female with vitals: P=110, R=14, and BP= 148/92

B. A 68 year old male with skin that is cool and clammy. His vitals: P= 110, R= 18, and BP= 108/72

C. A sleepy and confused 69 year old male with discolored fingernail beds

D. A 73 year old female with shortness of breath, headache, and tachypenic

C. A sleepy and confused 69 year old male with discolored fingernail beds

A 2 year old female who has had a cold for the past two days now has frequent barking coughing. Her skin is warm to touch. She has inspiratory stridor, and her SpO2 is 98% on room air. When transporting her, you should prepare for:

A. respiratory arrest

B. sepsis

C. emesis

D. airway obstruction

D. airway obstruction

A 67 year old male is unresponsive and snoring. As you insert a tongue depressor to insert an oropharyngeal airway, he has a gag reflex. You should:

A. insert a nasopharyngeal airway

B. turn him to the recovery position

C. suction his airway

D. maintain head-tilt chin-lift

A. insert a nasopharyngeal airway

A 6 year old male has a fever and difficulty breathing. He is anxious, sitting in a tripod position, and complains of a sore throat. You should suspect:

A. rubeola

B. pertussis

C. epiglottitis

D. esophagitis

C. epiglottitis

The mother of a 3 month old male tells you that his apnea monitor alarmed and when she checked on him he was not breathing. She stimulated him and called 9-1-1. He is now breathing on his own. His vital signs are P 160, R 28, and SpO2 is 98% on room air. You should first:

A. administer blow-by oxygen at 6 L/minute

B. check the functions of the apnea monitor

C. determine what care she provided

D. instruct her how to ventilate him

C. determine what care she provided

A 71 year old female awoke suddenly complaining of shortness of breath. She tells you she had a heart attack six months ago. Her vitals are P 96, R 16, BP 108/84, and SpO2 is 91% on room air. You should first:

A. administer oxygen by NRB

B. ask if she takes nitroglycerin

C. lay her flat and elevate legs

D. listen to her lungs for wheezes

A. administer oxygen by NRB

A 74 year old female who was holding her head collapsed suddenly. When you arrive she is lying supine on the floor unresponsive. You hear gurgling sounds on inspiration. You should first:

A. ventilate her with a BVM

B. insert a NPA

C. suction her airway

D. log roll her to recovery position

C. suction her airway

Which of the following findings indicates a condition where air is trapped in the lower airways? Common in asthma and COPD

A. rales

B. pleural rub

C. wheezes

D. rhonchi

C. wheezes

A 4 year old male has difficulty breathing. He has a sore throat, is leaning forward with hands on his knees, and his skin is hot to touch. When he speaks his voice sounds hoarse. His pulse oximeter reading is 94% on room air. You should:

A. inspect his upper airway, monitor tracheal breath sounds, and transport rapidly

B. lay him flat, monitor ABCs, and transport

C. administer oxygen, keep him calm, and transport rapidly

D. administer high-flow oxygen, insert oral airway, and transport

C. administer oxygen, keep him calm, and transport rapidly

An 8 year old female who has a history of asthma self-administered her metered dose inhaler prior to your arrival. Her vital signs are P 96, R 16, BP 108/78, and SpO2 is 94% on room air. You auscultate her lung sounds over the lower lobes and should expect to hear:

A. bronchovesicular sounds

B. wheezes

C. rhonchi

D. crackles

B. wheezes

A 78 year old female who has a history of two pack a day smoking is unable to speak, her skin is cold and clammy, and has her head resting on her chest. Her vital signs are P 94, R 24 and shallow, BP 96/78, and SpO2 is 78% on home oxygen by nasal cannula, 3 L/minute. You should first:

A. increase her home oxygen to 6 L/minute

B. assist her ventilations with a BVM

C. administer oxygen by NRB

D. get her inhaler if she has one

B. assist her ventilations with a BVM

A 25 year old male complains of shortness of breath over the past four hours after playing soccer. His chest expansion is normal and he has no chest wall pain. You hear diminished breath sounds over his right upper thorax. His vital signs are P 106, R 18, BP 126/84, and SpO2 is 92% on room air. You should suspect:

A. spontaneous pneumothorax

B. pleuritis

C. costochondritis

D. PE

A. spontaneous pneumothorax

A 30 month old male has a fever of 102 degrees F, cough, and shortness of breath. You observe increased work of breathing and auscultate diffuse wheezes and crackles. His mother tells you he has never been this ill. You should suspect:

A. bronchiolitis

B. croup

C. asthma

D. epiglottis

A. bronchiolitis

A 7 year old female is being cared for at home with a ventilator. When you arrive, the ventilator alarm is sounding. Your partner reports her pulse rate is 40. You should:

A. check the settings

B. increase volume of ventilation delivered by machine

C. increase number of ventilation on machine

D. assist her ventilations with a BVM

D. assist her ventilations with a BVM

Law enforcement restrained a 26 year old male who fought them for 30 minutes before four officers controlled him. He continued to resist for another 20 minutes before he collapsed. When you arrive, he is unresponsive, apneic, and pulseless. You should first:

A. begin chest compressions

B. open his airway

C. attach AED

D. ventilate him

A. begin chest compressions

A 45 year old male complains of dull chest pain. You should first:

A. attach AED

B. administer Aspirin

C. obtain vitals

D. administer oxygen by NRB

B. administer Aspirin

A 56 year old male tells you he wants to take another nitroglycerin for his chest pain. His vitals are P 118, R 16, BP 106/86, and SpO2 is 94% on room air. You should:

A. administer oxygen by nasal cannula

B. administer oxygen by NRB

C. withhold his nitroglycerin at this time

D. assist him in taking his nitroglycerin

C. withhold his nitroglycerin at this time

Which of the following diseases is least likely to present with altered mental status?

A. drug overdose

B. acute coronary syndrome

C. bacterial meningitis

D. liver failure

B. acute coronary syndrome

Which of the following patients is most likely suffering from left-sided heart failure?

A. 42 year old female who has systolic pressure of 140 on her left arm and 110 on her right arm

B. 72 year old female who has crackles in her dependent lung fields

C. 56 year old male who experiences a drop in systolic pressure of greater than 20 on inspiration

D. 86 year old male who has swelling in his ankles and fingers

B. 72 year old female who has crackles in her dependent lung fields

A 72 year old female who had been able to talk and walk awoke with right-sided weakness. You should record the time she was last seen normal as:

A. when she woke up

B. when you arrived at her home

C. the time she went to bed

D. unknown

C. the time she went to bed

A 72 year old female suddenly collapsed in church. When you arrive, she is awake but feels funny. Witnesses tell you she did not have a pulse and after three minutes she woke up. Her vitals are P 64, R 14, and BP 100/70. You should suspect:

A. transient ischemic attack

B. syncope

C. hypoglycemia

D. heart attack

B. syncope

Poor ejection from the left ventricle during systole results in:

A. pulmonary edema

B. swollen ankles

C. jugular vein distention

D. hypertension

A. pulmonary edema

What is the action of aspirin when taken for chest pain?

A. antiprostaglandin

B. non-steroidal

C. pain relief

D. antiplatelet

D. antiplatelet

Vasovagal syncope mimics which of the following types of shock?

A. hypovolemic

B. distributive

C. cardiogenic

D. metabolic

B. distributive

You are resuscitating a 54 year old male. After the AED delivers a shock, you should next:

A. continue chest compressions

B. ventilate him with a BVM

C. check for ROSC

D. re-analyze his rhythm

A. continue chest compressions

You can enhance blood flow during CPR by:

A. compressing at the fastest rate possible

B. pushing fast and interposing breaths

C. compressing the chest without relaxing

D. pushing hard and pushing fast

D. pushing hard and pushing fast

An unresponsive 56 year old male is apneic and pulseless after he crashed his car into a utility pole. He has no signs of trauma and the passenger compartment is intact. You should suspect the most likely cause of his condition to be:

A. seizure disorder

B. acute coronary syndrome

C. suicide

D. trauma

B. acute coronary syndrome

A 72 year old female who has a history of mental illness complains of a headache. Within five minutes she becomes unresponsive. Her vitals are P 90, R 16, and BP 128/90. You should suspect:

A. intracerebral bleeding

B. drug overdose

C. vasovagal syncope

D. conversion reaction

A. intracerebral bleeding

What is the primary cause of acute coronary syndrome?

A. sympathetic stimulation

B. cardiac arrhythmias

C. cor pulonale

D. atherosclerosis

D. atherosclerosis

The pathological cause of SIDS is:

A. immature development

B. improper sleeping position

C. unknown

D. airway edema

C. unknown

What should you say to a patient you suspect suffered a stroke in order to assess facial droop?

A. "please pucker your lips and whistle for me"

B. "can you wrinkle your forehead for me?"

C. "please smile for me while looking upward at the lights"

D. "as i move my finger can you follow it with your eyes?"

C. "please smile for me while looking upward at the lights"

After delivering a shock with an AED to a 5 year old female, you should next:

A. resume chest compressions

B. check for pulse

C. give two breaths

D. re-analyze rhythm

A. resume chest compressions

During adult CPR, as a second rescuer, you should prepare to administer two ventilations after:

A. 30 chest compressions

B. 5 chest compressions

C. 15 chest compressions

D. every 5 seconds

A. 30 chest compressions

Which of the following is the proper rate and depth for adult chest compressions?

A. 60 compressions per min; 3 inches in depth

B. 120 compressions per min; 3 inches in depth

C. 100 compressions per min; 2 inches in depth

D. 100 compressions per min; 3 inches in depth

C. 100 compressions per min; 2 inches in depth

An unresponsive 56 year old male has no chest rise. You are unable to palpate a carotid pulse. You should next:

A. check for a radial pulse

B. start chest compressions

C. auscultate (listen) for heart sounds

D. check the other carotid pulse

B. start chest compressions

The major complication for a patient who has type I diabetes is the:

A. requirement to take insulin

B. cessation of pancreatic function

C. risk of death from hyperglycemia

D. long term implications

D. long term implications

The signs that are present when a patient has a hypoglycemic reaction are due to:

A. chemoreceptor stimulation

B. a sympathetic response

C. anaerobic metabolism

D. RAS hypoglycemia

B. a sympathetic response

A 72 year old male is vomiting large amounts of dark, foul-smelling liquids. He has diffuse, colicky abdominal pain. His skin is cool and clammy. His vital signs are P 112, R 16, BP 108/86, and SpO2 is 94% on room air. You should:

A. provide supportive care

B. administer oxygen by NRB

C. give her sips of sports break

D. administer oxygen by nasal cannula

D. administer oxygen by nasal cannula

Which of the following is the least likely to cause death in a patient who is having an anaphylactic reaction?

A. bronchoconstriction

B. hypoemia

C. upper airway obstruction

D. vasodilation

A. bronchoconstriction

An anaphylactic reaction occurs because of a/an:

A. toxin-exotoxin interaction

B. sympathetic-parasympathetic interaction

C. alpha-beta interaction

D. antigen-antibody interaction

D. antigen-antibody interaction

A 7 year old male who is allergic to peanuts, inadvertently ate cookies that included peanut butter and school principal called when he started to make whistling sounds while breathing. His face and lips are swollen, and you are unable to auscultate any lung sounds. The principal hands you an epinephrine autoinjector. You should:

A. administer oxygen by NRB

B. prepare for rapid transport

C. administer diphenhydramine

D. administer the epinephrine autoinjector

D. administer the epinephrine autoinjector

Which of the following patients who have a history of diabetes is most likely hypoglycemic?

A. 21 year old female who ate a high-calorie dinner and decreased exercise

B. 47 year old male who took his insulin but could not eat

C. 41 year old who is sick and unable to take insulin

D. 27 year old acting drunk with liqour odor on breath

B. 47 year old male who took his insulin but could not eat

An obese 54 year old female has facial droop, arm drift, and weak grips of her right hand. These symptoms began 15 minutes ago after she vomited. You should suspect:

A. hypoglycemia

B. conversion reaction

C. flu

D. electrolyte imbalance

A. hypoglycemia

A 63 year old male who has a history of alcoholism is vomiting up bright red blood. You should suspect:

A. ruptured esophageal varices

B. peptic ulcer

C. stomach cancer

D. esophageal tear

A. ruptured esophageal varices

Patient has history of Hepatitis C and liver cirrohosis. He is jaundiced, puking large amounts of blood. You should suspect:

A. esophageal varices

B. peptic ulcer

C. esophageal tear

D. hernia

A. esophageal varices

You have a patient who is vomiting large amounts of bright red blood. No complaints of pain in the abdomen. He has difficulty breathing, pale, cool, clammy and jaundiced skin. His pulse rate is 128. You should suspect:

A. ruptured hernia

B. esophageal varices

C. esophageal tear

D. ulcer ruptured

B. esophageal varices

A 31 year old female who has a history of diabetes collapses suddenly. When you arrive, she is unresponsive, and her vital signs are P 90, R 6, BP 108/78. You should:

A. administer glucose

B. administer oxygen

C. assist her ventilations

D. place her in recovery position

C. assist her ventilations

Administration of epinephrine by autoinjector is dependent upon the:

A. knowledge of the patient on how to use it

B. type of allergen the patient was exposed to

C. BP of the patient at the time of admin

D. device having a functional spring plunger

D. device having a functional spring plunger

A 42 year old female who has a history of type II diabetes has an altered level of consciousness. You should provide her:

A. oxygen by NRB

B. coffee with two packets of non-dairy creamer

C. orange juice with 2 tbsp sugar added

D. soda sipped through straw

C. orange juice with 2 tbsp sugar added

Which of the following is most likely to cause septic shock?

A. bacteremia

B. stroke

C. hepatitis

D. renal failure

A. bacteremia

A 62 year old male is having chest pain. He tells you it began one hour ago. You auscultate crackles in his lungs. His vital signs are P 94, R 16, BP 142/82, and SpO2 is 94% on room air. You administer aspirin and begin transport. En route he begins to sweat and wheeze. His BP changes to 106/82. You should suspect:

A. pneumonia

B. anaphylactic reaction

C. cardiac asthma

D. right-sided heart failure

B. anaphylactic reaction

A 52 year old female lives in a home without air conditioning. It has been hot for the past six days. Her skin is hot to touch, and she babbles when she speaks. Before transporting her, you should:

A. fan her and transport with AC on full strength

B. have her drink electrolytes

C. make every effort to rapidly cool her off

D. cover her head and face with ice soaked towels

C. make every effort to rapidly cool her off

A 32 year old female complains of chills and tells you she has a urinary tract infection. Her skin is hot to touch and flushed. Her vitals are P 102, R 16, BP 138/78, and SpO2 is 94% on room air. You should suspect an early onset of:

A. flu

B. sepsis

C. renal stones

D. kidney stones

B. sepsis

A 19 year old male college student is acting oddly. When you question his roommates in regards to his drinking alcohol, they tell you he has not been drinking. His skin feels hot to touch and you find purple spots over his upper thorax. As you prepare to assess his vital signs he seizes. You should suspect:

A. hypoxia

B. drugs

C. encephalitis

D. meningitis

D. meningitis

Which of the following is the most common inhaled poison?

A. carbon monoxide

B. cyanide

C. propane

D. chlorine

A. carbon monoxide

Which of the following can lead to hypovolemic shock?

A. infection

B. allergic reaction

C. diarrhea

D. vasodilation

C. diarrhea

What is the primary cause of esophageal varices?

A. gastric reflux

B. liver failure

C. alcoholism

D. portal hypertension

D. portal hypertension

Heat stroke patients have hot, dry skin because:

A. unable to ingest adequate fluids

B. during prodromal phase, all their fluids shifted

C. their ability to swear becomes disrupted

D. during transition from exhaustion to stroke, water was not absorbed

C. their ability to swear becomes disrupted

A 51 year old female has hot, dry skin and fruity breath. She tells you she is sick and has a history of diabetes. Her vital signs are P 108, R 26, BP 106/78, and SpO2 is 96% on room air. You should:

A. transport her without sirens and lights to transport

B. provide rapid transport

C. administer oral glucose

D. provide fluids

A. transport her without sirens and lights to transport

The best position to place an uninjured, unresponsive patient during transport is:

A. supine with head slightly elevated

B. supine with legs slightly elevated

C. in recovery position on their right side

D. in recovery position on their left side

D. in recovery position on their left side

A 60 year old male complains that he is sick and weak. His skin is pale and you observe he is dyspneic. He tells you his stools have been dark colored for the past week. His vitals are P 96, R 14, and BP 104/82. You should suspect:

A. onset of colon cancer

B. upper GI bleed

C. lower GI bleed

D. diverticulitis

B. upper GI bleed

A 19 year old female has a low-grade fever and lower abdominal pain. She tells you her menstrual periods are normal, but she has an odd, foul-smelling vaginal discharge and pain with sexual intercourse. You should suspect:

A. UTI

B. ectopic pregnancy

C. dysmenorrhea

D. pelvic inflammatory disease

D. pelvic inflammatory disease

An industrial worker inhaled a toxic gas. As you approach him you hear an abnormal sound upon inspiration. Which sound would cause you the most concern in this patient?

A. gurgling

B. snoring

C. crowing

D. stridor

D. stridor

Administration of oral glucose is dependent upon the patient:

A. using insulin and having low blood sugar

B. having diabetes and altered level of consciousness

C. having hypoglycemia and being able to swallow

D. being awake to give a history

C. having hypoglycemia and being able to swallow

A 34 year old female in her third trimester has blurred vision and is vomiting. She tells you she is expecting her second child. You see dependent edema and facial swelling. Her vital signs are P 108, R 16, BP 168/82. You should suspect:

A. right-sided heart failure

B. preeclampsia

C. liver disease

D. pulmonary embolism

B. preeclampsia

When a female has an ectopic pregnancy, the ovum has likely attached to the:

A. cervix

B. upper third of fetus

C. lower third of fetus

D. fallopian tube

D. fallopian tube

Females in their third trimester often have mild contractions which mimic early labor. What is the name of these contractions?

A. braxton-hicks

B. henderson-hasselbach

C. stokes-adams

D. adair-dighton

A. braxton-hicks

A 34 year old female complains of low abdominal cramping and moderate vaginal bleeding. She tells you she had a positive urine pregnancy test six weeks ago. Her vital signs are P 96, R 16, BP 122/68, and SpO2 is 98% on room air. You should suspect:

A. spontaneous abortion

B. ectopic pregnancy

C. endometriosis

D. menstrual slough

A. spontaneous abortion

Immediately after delivery of the head, you observe the umbilical cord around the neonate's neck. You should:

A. apply slight traction to the superior shoulder

B. slip the cord over the head

C. rotate the head towards mothers anus

D. assess if the cord is pulsating

B. slip the cord over the head

Immediately following delivery of a neonate, you should work toward prevention of:

A. vaginal bleeding

B. aspiration

C. hypothermia

D. airway obstruction

C. hypothermia

A 35 year old female who is gravida 5, para 4 is in active labor. She tells you the delivery of her last child was fast. You should prepare for:

A. vagina tearing

B. a precipitous delivery

C. breech presentation

D. complicated delivery

B. a precipitous delivery

Immediately following delivery of a newborn's head you should:

A. rotate babys head into anatomical position

B. assist with delivery of the shoulder

C. apply pressure on moms stomach

D. suction mouth and nose

B. assist with delivery of the shoulder

A 21 year old female complains of dull, aching lower quadrant abdominal pain. Her abdomen is tender. She tells you she missed her last menstrual period and is sexually active. After your assessment, you help her stand up and she becomes faint. Her vital signs are P 100, R 16, and BP 112/84. You should suspect:

A. ruptured ectopic pregnancy

B. pelvic disease

C. spontaneous abortion

D. appendicitis

A. ruptured ectopic pregnancy

A 23 year old female in her third trimester complains of low abdominal pain and dark-colored vaginal bleeding. She tells you the pain increases with uterine contractions which are ten minutes apart. Her vital signs are P 114, R 22, and BP 124/86. You should suspect:

A. uterine rupture

B. abruptio placentae

C. bloody show

D. placenta previa

B. abruptio placentae

A 27 year old female tells you she is 26 weeks pregnant. She is having contractions and feels pressure in her lower abdomen. You examine her and observe vaginal bulging. You should:

A. prepare for a complicated delivery

B. apply pressure to a large dressing

C. prepare for premature delivery

D. transport

C. prepare for premature delivery

A 36 year old female who is eight months pregnant is experiencing painless vaginal bleeding. You should suspect:

A. progesterone imbalance

B. bloody show

C. endometrial sloughing

D. placenta previa

D. placenta previa

While transporting a 23 year old female who just delivered a baby, she has a contraction and you observe the placenta begin to deliver. You should:

A. pull slight traction on the cord to help delivery

B. place the mother on a bedpan

C. pull ambulance over to assist

D. guide the placenta out when its delivery is natural

D. guide the placenta out when its delivery is natural

Which of the following is most concerning immediately following delivery?

A. slow pulse rate

B. presence of meconium

C. facial grimace

D. cyanosis

A. slow pulse rate

What should you observe in the birth canal during crowning if the neonate is in a breech presentation?

A. discolored skin

B. skin folded on itself

C. bloody show

D. smooth neonatal skin

D. smooth neonatal skin

A 26 year old female who is having her third child is in active labor. When you examine for crowning, you see the neonate's foot protruding from the birth canal. You should:

A. allow 5 mins to determine if the second food appears

B. prepare for a breech birth

C. transport her asap with pelvis elevated

D. reach into the vagina with gloved hand and pull

C. transport her asap with pelvis elevated

An unresponsive 26 year old female in her third trimester is apneic and pulseless. Her husband tells you that she had increasing shortness of breath and discolored skin throughout the day before she collapsed. You should suspect:

A. amniotic fluid embolism

B. uterine rupture

C. abruptio placentae

D. eclampsia

A. amniotic fluid embolism

The most complicated situation you may experience with a breech presentation is if the:

A. neonates head is too large to fit

B. cervix constricts around head

C. birth canal has meconium present to aspirate

D. neonate starts to breath after thorax is delivered

B. cervix constricts around head

A patient is coughing up pink, frothy sputum. This is likely a characteristic of:

A. pulmonary edema

B. stroke

C. diabetes

D. heart attack

A. pulmonary edema

A 28 year old female was shot in the chest. You have managed the wound. What other care should you complete on the scene?

A. treat for shock (hypoperfusion)

B. none, begin rapid transport

C. auscultate her lung fields

D. administer oxygen by NRB

B. none, begin rapid transport

When a patient has been shot in the abdomen, the organ that is least likely to be injured is the:

A. pancreas

B. large bowel

C. spleen

D. liver

A. pancreas

A 28 year old female is complaining of neck stiffness, sensitivity to light and hot to touch and also presents with a rash. You should suspect:

A. stroke

B. overdose

C. meningitis

D. heart attack

C. meningitis

You are called to a plant, some of the workers are out sick. As you enter, you notice the smell of "bitter almonds." What type of poisoning should you suspect?

A. cyanide

B. carbon monoxide

C. oxygen

D. smoke

A. cyanide

A 16 year old male was stabbed in his left lower abdominal quadrant. He is comfortable but upset about the incident. His vitals are P 94, R 14, BP 128/82, and SpO2 is 96% on room air. You should:

A. cover the wound with a non-porous dressing

B. administer oxygen by NRB

C. place him in the recovery position

D. provide support and transplant

D. provide support and transplant

A 25 year old male has a gunshot wound in his right chest. Your partner reports a weak, thready pulse. You see irregular, slow breathing. You should first:

A. open his airway and insert an OPA

B. cover the wound with a gloved hand

C. assess for jugular vein distention

D. assist his ventilations with a BVM attached to oxygen

B. cover the wound with a gloved hand

A 19 year old male was shot in the abdomen with a small caliber weapon. When you arrive he is conscious and upset about being shot. He complains of no other injuries. His vital signs are P 104, R 14, BP 108/82. You should first:

A. administer oxygen by NRB mask

B. prepare for transport

C. palpate his abdomen in all four quadrants

D. dress and bandage his wound

B. prepare for transport

An unresponsive 26 year old male is found in an alley outside a bar. His skin is pale and clammy. His vital signs are P 118, R 16, BP 104/82, and SpO2 is 95% on room air. You should suspect:

A. distributive shock

B. head trauma

C. hypovolemic shock

D. intra-thoracic bleeding

C. hypovolemic shock

A 56 year old female has generalized weakness and has been outside all night in 40 degrees F weather. She is shivering and her hands are cold to the touch. To determine if she has hypothermia, you should:

A. take her oral temperature

B. ask her how long shes been outside

C. ask her to walk a straight line to test balance

D. insert your hand below her clothing and feel her abdomen

D. insert your hand below her clothing and feel her abdomen

A patient who has cardiac tamponade will have hypoperfusion of the brain due to a/an:

A. ventricular perfusion mismatch

B. decrease in venous return

C. loss of cardiac afterload

D. irregular heartbeat

C. loss of cardiac afterload

Which nerves arise from C3-C5 and control the diaphragm for breathing?

A. vagal nerves

B. axillary nerves

C. phrenic nerves

D. brachial nerves

C. phrenic nerves

A 56 year old male is in respiratory arrest following a head-on car crash while not wearing a seat belt. He has significant facial and torso trauma. You palpate an irregularity to his cervical spine at C-4. You should suspect his arrest is due to:

A. brain stem injury from head trauma

B. spinal cord compression above the C-4 level

C. tension pneumothorax inhibiting chest expansion

D. rupture of the diaphragm blocking inhalation

B. spinal cord compression above the C-4 level

A 42 year old male was the unrestrained driver involved in a single-car crash in a rural area at 3:00 AM. When you arrive at 3:45 he is unresponsive and slumped over the steering wheel. You observe a large bruise over his chest. After initial stabilization, you determine his vital signs are P 86 and irregular, R 18, and BP 116/82. You should suspect:

A. syncope episode

B. cardiac tamponade

C. cardiac contusion

D. myocardial infarction

C. cardiac contusion