OTL Exam 1 Prep 2023 - Intro to the Old Testament through Deuteronomy

Existential Questions Definition:

Of or relating to existence

Common Existential Questions:

- Who am I?

- Where do I come from?

- Where am I going?

Sources of All Knowledge:

- Human Reason

- Human Experience

- Divine Revelation

Divine Revelation was given how?

Progressively, over time.

Covenant Theology believes the ultimate goal of human history to be:

The salvation of lost humanity

Dispensationalism believes the ultimate goal of human history to be:

The full display of God's sovereign rule on earth as in heaven

How many dispensations does Dispensationalism trace throughout human history?

Seven

In each dispensation man is tested in His obedience to:

A specific revelation of the will of God (he always fails and it is followed by judgement and the start of a new dispensation)

The establishment of the earthly theocratic Kingdom of the Messiah is the goal toward which-

all of human history is progressing

Covenant Definition

An arrangement governing the relationship between two parties

The two types of Covenants are:

- Conditional

- Unconditional

Biblical Unconditional Covenant Definition

A unilateral (unconditional/one way) commitment made by God based solely on His faithfulness and not on man's obedience

Noahic Covenant

Promise: Never another global flood.

Sign: Rainbow

Abrahamic Covenant

Promise: Land, seed, universal blessing.

What covenant was ratified by God alone?

The Abrahamic Covenant

Davidic Covenant

Promise: A Descendant of David on the throne forever

Sign: Jesus

New Covenant

Promise: Forgiveness of sins and global knowledge of God.

Sign: The Indwelling of the Holy Spirit

Mosaic Covenant

Law, the Old Covenant.

Promise: Blessings

Conditions: Obedience

Sign: The Sabaath

Genesis:

Beginnings

Exodus:

Redemption

Numbers:

Wanderings

Joshua:

Victory

Judges:

Defeat

1 Samuel:

Saul, Kingdom Established

2 Samuel:

David, Kingdom Developed

1 Kings:

Solomon, Kingdom Divided

2 Kings:

Zedekiah, Kingdom Lost

Ezra:

Temple and People rebuilt

Nehemiah:

Walls Rebuilt

The Books of History are:

Pentateuch (5): Genesis - Deuteronomy

Others (12): Joshua - Esther

How many Books of Poetry are there?

5

The Books of Prophesy are:

Major (5): Isaiah - Daniel

Minor (12): Hosea - Malachi

Genesis Theme:

Beginnings (of the world, mankind, sin, marriage, civilization, nations, and Jews)

Which book covers the longest period of time?

Genesis

How long of a time period does Genesis cover?

2,300+ years and 4 dispensations

What are the foundations of theology found in Genesis?

God, Creation, Sin, Redemption, and Covenants.

What are examples of long term consequences for disobedience in Genesis?

- Ham dishonors his father Noah (Gen. 9:20-29)

- Abraham fathers Ishmael: Arab v. Israeli Conflict. (Gen 16)

- Lot's Daughters commit incest: Ammonites and Moabites (Gen 19:30-38)

- Esau despises his birthright: Edomite (Gen 25:19-34)

Genesis was the era of what great patriarchs?

- Abraham

- Isaac

- Jacob

- Joseph

What is the dominant note in Genesis?

God's sovereignty

The Protoevangelium:

First Gospel (Gen. 3:15)

The Ark is a picture of what?

Christ who saves us from Judgement (Heb. 11:7, 1 Pet. 3:20-21)

A Theophany:

A manifestation of God in human form - Not like Jesus - (Gen. 18:1-3)

Date of the Exodus:

1445 BC

Theocracy Definition

The direct and visible rule of God on the earth

Theocracy means:

- A religious and political constitution

- No "separation between church and state" government

Exodus describes the fulfillment of what?

The prediction of Egyptian bondage and deliverance.

Type:

A person or thing in the Old Testament that pictures another in the New Testament

Exodus contains many images and types of-

Christ

What was the central event of Exodus?

The exodus of the people from Egypt

The giving of the law was -

the constitution of the theocratic nation

What types of laws are included in the Law?

- Moral Laws (19-20) which are still valid except the Sabaath.

- Civil Laws (21-23) which are no longer in effect but contain many good principals.

- Ceremonial Laws (24-40) which are completely abolished

Tabernacle Definition

Dwelling Place

The construction of the tabernacle was in which book?

Exodus

Brazen Alter (27:1-8) =

Christ our sacrifice

Laver (3-:17-21) =

Christ our purification

Table of Showbread (25:23-30) =

Christ our bread of life

Lampstand (25:31-40) =

Christ our light

Altar of Incense (30:1-10) =

Christ our intercessor

Veil (26:31-35) =

Christ's physical body

Ark of the Covenant (25:10-22)

The Throne of God, the King

God's Personal Name:

I AM - Jehovah or Yaweh - LORD in our Bibles.

The establishment of the Passover was in what book?

Exodus

What is our Passover?

Christ (1 Cor. 5:7)

What is the most important Jewish feast? (it celebrates deliverance from Egypt)

Passover

What is one of the Israelites greatest sins?

Grumbling

Manna is a picture of what?

Christ (John 6:30-33)

Shekinah Definition

The Very Presence of God

The Shekinah glory fills the tabernacle was -

the official launch of the theocracy

The purpose of the book of Leviticus:

To call the people of God to personal holiness. (Lev 19:2)

"Holy" Definition

"set apart" to the Lord

Leviticus parallels the epistle to the -

Hebrews

In what book is the concept of the atonement development?

Leviticus

Atonement Definition

The repairing of a wrong resulting in reconciliation (key idea)

God accepts what as payment for the penalty of sin?

death of a substitute

The only means of atonement:

the shedding of blood

The life of a being is in it's -

blood

What is a powerful demonstration of the horrors of sin?

The Day of Atonement

The Five Jewish Offerings:

- Burnt

- Grain

- Fellowship or Peace

- Sin

- Guilt

What number appears 46 times in Leviticus and is the number of perfection/completion?

7

The fire on the alter -

was never to go out

What was spiritually the most important date on the Hebrew Calendar?

The Day of Atonement

On what day were all the sins of the nation atoned for and symbolically removed?

The Day of Atonement

What is the only day in the year that the high priest could enter the Holy of Holies?

The Day of Atonement

What were the two goats for in the Day of Atonement for? What is the similarity between Christ and them?

- One for slaughter bore the sin penalty.

- One as a scapegoat symbolically removing the sin.

- Christ did both. He bore the sin penalty and actually removed the sin.

Sacrificial Animals were to be -

Without defect

(Prefigured Christ, the perfect lamb of God)

The Year of Jubilee was every -

50 years

What was to happen in the Year of Jubilee?

- All Jewish Servants were set free

- All property returned to it's original "owners"

Burnt Offering:

Voluntary act of worship expressing total consecration

Grain Offering:

Voluntary act of worship expressing thanksgiving for God's provision

Fellowship or Peace Offering:

Voluntary act of worship expressing thanksgiving for reconciliation

Sin Offering:

Required atonement for involuntary sin.

- Normally a bull, goat, or lamb, but could also be two pigeons in the case of the poor

Guilt Offering:

Required atonement for involuntary sin requiring restitution

The Theme of Numbers is -

The Price of Unbelief

Numbers named 2 primary -

censuses

What book deals with 2 distinct generations?

Numbers

The Numbers stories used as illustrations in the NT:

- The Rebellion of Korah (Num. 16 - Jude 11)

- The Bronze Serpent (Num. 21 - John 3:14-15)

- Balaam and the Donkey (Num. 22-25)

The priesthood was reserved for the descendants of who alone?

Aaron

The Nazarite Vow:

Taken by all those wishing to dedicate themselves to God

The Restrictions of the Nazarite Vow were:

- Wine or strong drink

- cutting of hair

- contact with a dead body

Examples of those who took the Nazarite Vow:

- Sampson (Judges 13)

- Samuel (1 Sam. 1)

- John the Baptist (Luke 1:15-17)

- Paul (Acts 18:18, 21:22-26)