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afrin

long-acting sympathomimetic amine stimulating alpha-1-adrenergic receptors

flonase

adrenocorticoid

allegra

h1 antagonist in peripheral tissues

DPH

antihistamine, competitive h1 receptor site antagonist

phenylhydramine

stimulates alpha-1-adrenergic receptors (vasoconstriction)

claritin (loratidine)

h1 selective antagonist

pseudophedrine

stimulates alpha-1-adrenergic receptors (vasoconstriction)

brompheniramine, chlorpheniramine, DPH

h1 antihistamines

dextromorphan

antitussive equal to codeine

depresses cough reflex in medulla oblongata

APAP

inhibits prostaglandin synthesis

zyrtec

h1 antagonist to periphery tissues

doxylamine

competitive h1 antihistamine, causes drowsiness

cold-eeze

zinc ions may interfere w/ replication of rhinoviruses, delivers zinc ions to mucosal surface

airborne

all ingredients possess some antioxidant properties

CPH

competitive h1 antihistamine (less sedating than doxylamine)

GUA

lower respiratory tract drainage by thinning bronchial secretions & lubricating

Desitin

mild astringent w/ some antiseptic actions-contraction of tissues and mucous membranes which provides protection against moisture

menthol

counterirritant in concentrations over 1%; produces coolness topically

ibuprofen

COX inhibitor

naproxen

COX inhibitor

excedrin

inhibits prostaglandin synthesis

aspirin

inhibits prostaglandin synthesis

\-nonbuffered has quicker MOA

camphor

counterirritant o/ 3%

methylsalicylate

counterirritant w/ distinct wintergreen odor/flavor

lidocaine

exhibits neuronal membrane-stabilizing properties (sodium channels inhibit repolarization in inactive state); increases excitation threshold

phenol

germicidal activity as well as anesthetic activity, bacteriocidal at concentrations o/ 1%

benzocaine

local anesthetic similar to procaine

nicotine

stimmy nicotinic receptors (peripheral vasconstriction, elevate heart rate, accelerate heart rate)

withdrawal side effects of nicotine

craving, nervousness, drowsiness, headache, sleep disturbances, increased appetite, anxiety, irritability, weight gain

polymyxin b sulfate

interacts w/ bacterial cell membrane phospholipids disrupts membrane permeability (active against gram negative bacteria)

neomycin sulfate

inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to 30S

bacitracin

inhibits cell wall synthesis, bacteriocidal against gram-positive bacteria

MgOH2

increases gastric pH by neutralizing acid in gastric lumen

diphenhydramine hcl

antihistamine H1 blocker

topical anesthetic effects

zinc acetate

mild astringent and antiseptic properties

hydrocortisone

adrenocorticoids altering synthesis of properties proteins

petrolatum

highly occlusive and a good emollient

mineral oil

vehicle for preparation

glycerin

moisturizer

cetyl alcohol

stabilize emulsions and inc water retention

cetyl palmitate

stabilize emulsions and inc water retention

urea

keratolytic which helps loosen the horney layer of skin by promoting debridement and healing of hyperkeratotic lesions

capsaicin

unknown, blocking the reaccumulation of substance P in peripheral sensory neurons

nexium 24 hr

ppi

aluminum hydroxide

inc gastric pH by neutralizing acid in the gastric lumen

calcium carbonate

inc gastric pH by neutralizing acid in the gastric lumen

magnesium hydroxide

inc gastric pH by neutralizing acid in the gastric lumen

simethicone

inert silicon polymer that reduces the surface tension of gas bubbles in the GI tract causing burping and farting

cetirizine

H1 antagonist

pseudoephedrine

stimulates alpha-1-adrenergic receptors causing vasoconstriction

salicylic acid

produces desquamation of the stratum corneum by dissolving the intercellular matrix or cement

\-inc endogenous hydration

terbinafine hcl

inhibits squalene epoxidase

tolnafate

stunting the mycelian growth, unknown

clotrimazole

inc the membrane permeability of various intracellular substance by permeating the chitin of the fungal cell wall

miconazole

inc the membrane permeability of various intracellular substance by permeating the chitin of the fungal cell wall

butenafine

inc the membrane permeability of various intracellular substance by permeating the chitin of the fungal cell wall

guaifenesin

incs expectoration by reflex gastric stimulation

phenylephrine

stimulates a1-adrenergic receptors causing vasoconstriction

apap

inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis

dextromethorphan

depresses cough reflex center in the medulla oblongata with dec ciliary function

chlorpheniramine

H1 antagonist

emetrol

unknown, inc in osmotic pressure which may dec gastric tone and delay gastric emptying

epinephrine

stimulates b-2 receptors causing bronchodilation

ephedrine

nonselective beta-adrenergic agonst

senna

stimulant laxative

bismuth subsalicylate

unknown

meclizine hcl

h1 blocker, long acting and more sedating

cyclizine hcl

h1 blocker, short acting and less sedating

ranitidine

h2 antagonist

famotidine

h2 antagonist

loperamide

synthetic opioid

probiotics

inc or replenish normal bowel flora

orlistat

reversibly inhibiting gastric and pancreatic lipases in lumen of the stomach and small intestine

psyllium

high fiber bulk laxative that works by inc intestinal mass with an emollient, water-containing gel

\-bind bile acid by inc removal thru feces

omeprazole

ppi

lansoprazole

ppi

carbamide peroxide

helps debride and soften cerumen in the external ear canal

pyrantel

depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent

\-nicotinic activation

witch hazel

astringent protects the hemorrhoidal tissue and provides relief

caffeine

produces cns stimulation by inhibiting phosphodiesterase thereby inc the accumulation cAMP and it blocks receptors for adenosine

permethrin

pediculicide that acts on the nervous system of lice to cause paralysis and death

dimenhydrinate

8-chlorotheophyllinate salt of diphenhydramine

pyrethrins

pediculicide that acts on the nervous system of lice to cause paralysis and death

minoxidil

direct relaxation of arteriolar smooth muscle resulting in dec vascular resistance and vasodilation

lactase enzyme

breaks down lactose

boswellia serrata

anti-inflammatory and reduce leukotrienes

glucosamine

produce cartilage

chondroitin

building block for cartilage synthesis

msm

sulfur source

phenzaopyridine

topical analgesic effect on the urinary tract mucosa

pyrilamine

H1 receptor antagonist

pamabrom

produce mild diuretic effects

carboxymethylcellulose

demulcents and lubricant

\-dec surface tension and contact angle of tears

polysorbate 80

nonionic surfactant and emulsifier

polyvinyl alcohol

emollient

hyaluranon

carb polymer, inc hydration of mucous membranes

cromolyn sodium

Inhibits the degranulation of sensitized mast cells that occurs after exposure to specific antigens.

naphazoline

a-adrenergic agonist, vasoconstriction

ketoifen

relatively selective, non-competitive h1 blocker and mast cell stabilizer

triamcinolone

reduces the accumulation of surface basophilic cells resulting in localized anti-inflammatory effect