Bed Bath - Post mortem care

Early morning care

This is care provided to patients as they awaken in the morning

PM care

This type of care is done when the patient is about to retire at night

PRN care

This is a type of care that is provided as required by the patient

pro re nata

What is the meaning of PRN?

Skin

What is the body’s first line of defense?

Complete bed bath

This is a category of bathing that entails washing the entire body of a dependent patient.

Self-help bed bath

This is a category of bathing in which the client in confined in the bed but are still able to wash themselves with the help of nurses.

Partial bath

This is a category of bathing that only washes odorous area or parts that are causing discomfort to the patient.

Therapeutic bath

This is a category of bathing used to soothe irritated skin or to treat an area.

Bag bath

This is a category of bathing that uses presoaked washcloths and is ideally for agitated and aggressive patients.

Auscultation

This is the action of listening to areas like the heart and lungs. Usually done at initial examination of patient

Palpation

This is an examination by pressing on the surface of the body to feel the organs/ tissues underneath

Percussion

Part of IPPA where it involves tapping one's finger quickly against part of the patient’s body.

Inspection

This is examination of patient at a surface level. Observations of nurses like Pt’s skin color or any skin deformity.

Scabies

This is a contagious skin infestation caused by an itch mite. Its common characteristic is lesions to the skin

Alopecia

This is a disease that attacks hair follicles and result to hair loss

Hirsutism

This is a condition in women that results in excessive growth of dark, course hair in a male-like pattern

Radiation

This is the transfer of heat from one surface of an object to another without contact.

Convection

This is the dispersion of heat by air currents

Vaporization

This is the continuous evaporation of moisture in the respiratory tract or the mucosa of the mouth and skin

Conduction

This is the transfer of heat from one molecule to a molecule with a lower temperature

• Vasoconstriction

• Decreases capillary permeability

• Decreases cellular metabolism

• Slows bacterial growth

• Decreases inflammation

• Local anesthetic effect

What are the physiologic effects of cold?

• Vasodilation

• Increases capillary permeability

• Increases cellular metabolism

• Increases inflammation

• Sedative effect

What are the physiologic effects of heat?

Suppuration

This is the discharge of pus from a wound or sore.

Edema

This is the medical term for swelling caused by fluid trapped in the body’s tissues

Bluish purple

Tissue damage due to cold is manifested by what appearance of skin?

Musculoskeletal problems

Heat application is often used for what?

Sport injuries

Cold application is most often used for what?

Arteriosclerosis

This is a vascular disease wherein arteries become damaged due to Pt high cholesterol, high blood pressure, or diabetes.

Buerger’s disease

This is a rare disease wherein the arteries and veins become inflamed, swell, and blocked by blood clots

Raynaud’s disease

This is a disease characterized by a decreased blood flow to affected areas due to constricted vessels which may cause necrosis

Necrosis

This is the death of body tissue or organ.

Erythema

This is a skin rash that is caused by injured or inflamed capillaries.

Rebound phenomenon

This occurs at the time the maximum therapeutic effect of the hot or cold application is achieved and the opposite effect begins

Lewis hunting effect

This is a bodily process that alternated between vasoconstriction and vasodilation when exposed to prolonged cold.

15℃-18℃

What temperature range is considered cold?

27℃-37℃

What temperature range is considered tepid?

40℃-46℃

What temperature range is considered hot?

• Neurosensory impairments

• Impaired mental status

• Impaired circulation

These are the conditions contraindicating the use of hot and cold therapy

Neurosensory impairments

This is a condition in which people are unable to perceive heat damaging the tissues or unable to perceive discomfort from cold

Contracture

This is the permanent tightening of the muscles, tendons, skin, and nearby tissues that causes them to become stiff

Sitz bath

This is a type of bath that is used to soak a patient’s perineal or rectal area. Temperature of the bath should be 40℃ - 43℃

Tepid Sponge Bath

This is a bath specifically given to febrile patients

• Allery to hypersensitivity to cold

• Open wounds

• Impaired circulation

These are conditions contraindicating the use of cold

Medication

These are substances that are administered for diagnosis, cure, treatment, relief, and prevention.

Drugs

CAN be considered as medication however most often connotated to illicitly obtained substances

Chemical name

This is a name of a medication based on its chemical structure. E.g. Acetaminophen

Brand Name

This is a name of a medication that identifies it as the product of a specific manufacturer. E.g. Biogesic

Generic name

This is the name of a medication that identifies it in scientific literature. E.g. Paracetamol

Pharmacokinetics

This is the study of how drugs enter the body, reach their site of action and are removed from the body

Pharmacodynamics

This focuses on how the drugs produce biological effects

Side effects

This refers to the unexpected response to the drug

Adverse drug effects

This is the undesirable/unwanted side effects to the medication. This reaction may be dangerous.

Drug allergy

This is an allergic reaction to a medication

Drug tolerance

This happens when a medication is administered repeatedly, the body adapts to the continued presence of the drug rendering the drug useless.

Cumulative effect

This is the harmful effect of a toxic substance resulting from successive doses

Drug resistance

This refers to the ability of microorganisms to withstand the effects of a drug. E.g cancer cells to chemotherapy

Drug interaction

This occurs when the administration of one drug before/at the same time/ after another drug alters the effect of one or both drugs. May either be beneficial or harmful

Antagonists

This is the effect produced by the contrasting action of two or more medications.

Synergists

This is the capacity of two or more drugs acting together so that the total effect of these drugs are greater.

• Weight

• Age

• Gender

• Sex

What are the factors that affect drug action?

Standing order

This is a type of doctor’s order that is carried out until a specific period of time or until it is discontinued by another order

Single order

This is a type of order that is carried out only once.

Stat order

This is a type of doctor’s order that is carried out at once or immediately

PRN order

This is a type of doctor’s order that is carried out as the patient requires

• name

• date and time

• drug name

• drug dosage

• route

• frequency

• Nurse’s signature

These are the parts of a medication order

90°

This is the angle in which an intramuscular injection is given

25°

This is the angle in which an intravenous injection is given

45°

This is the angle in which an subcutaneous injection is given

10°-15°

This is the angle in which an intradermal injection is given

White

What is the color coding of a medicine order that is OD/ STAT?

Pink

What is the color coding of a medicine order that is TID?

Yellow

What is the color coding of a medicine order that is BID?

Enuresis

This is also known as urinary incontinence, where one losses control over bladder.

Diuretics

This is a medication that affects voiding because it is designed to increase the amount of water and salt expelled from the body.

Urinary catheterization

It is the procedure used to assists patients with problems in urinary elimation

Polyuria (Diuresis)

This is a pathological condition that refers to the production of abnormally large amount of urine, often several liters more than the Pt’s daily output.

Oliguria and Anuria

This is a pathologic condition that refers to decreased urine output

Polydipsia

This is a pathologic condition that refers to excessive fluid intake

Nocturia

This refers to voiding at night

Enuresis

This describes involuntary voiding of children.

Urinary incontinence

This is a pathologic condition wherein a person voids by accident

Urinary retention

This is a pathologic condition that refers to the accumulation of urine in the bladder.

Neurogenic bladder

This is a pathologic condition wherein a patient is not aware of bladder fullness and is unable to control their urinary sphincters

Stretch receptors

This are special sensory nerve endings in the bladder that holds urine until stimulated.

Green (Fr)

What is the color of a Fr 6?

Blue (Fr)

What is the color of a Fr 8?

Black (Fr)

What is the color of a Fr 10?

White (Fr)

What is the color of a Fr 12?

Dark green (Fr)

What is the color of a Fr 14?

Orange (Fr)

What is the color of a Fr 16?

Red (Fr)

What is the color of a Fr 18?

Yellow (Fr)

What is the color of a Fr 20?

Dark red (Fr)

What is the color of a Fr 22?

Dark blue (Fr)

What is the color of an Fr 24?

Robinson tip

What is the most common tip of a catheter?

Straight catheter

This is a type of catheter that does not have an anchor and is removed after use. It is also known as an intermittent catheter

Retention Catheter

This is a type of catheter that has an anchor and will stay inside the patient as needed

2 weeks

This is the maximum amount of time a rubber catheter can stay inside the patient

Dr. Frederick Foley

Who is the developer of the Indwelling Foley Catheter