PN 106-7

HOLISTIC CARE

--Uniqueness of each individual
--Interaction among the mind, body, and spirit
--Multiple factors as causes of illness and disease
--Patient's participation in treatment and healing

CAM

complementary and alternative medicine

Alternative therapy

Therapy used instead of conventional treatment

Complementary therapy

Therapy used along with conventional treatment

Indications to use CAM

--Cost
--Access
--Self-determination
--Personal touch

WESTERN MEDICINE

the most common form of medical care in the United States, which uses medication and surgery to treat the signs and symptoms of illness

Allopathic medicine

treatment of disease by creating an environment that is antagonistic to the disease

Beliefs of western medicine practitioners

Health is the absence of disease

AYURVEDIC MEDICINE

ancient Hindu system of medicine that originated in India

Beliefs about illness in ayurvedic medicine

result of falling out of balance with nature

diagnosis in ayurvedic medicine

based on three metabolic body types called doshas

Three types of doshas

vata, pitta, or kapha

ayurvedic medicine treatments

prescribing a diet, herbal remedies, breath work, physical exercise, yoga, medication, massage, and a rejuvenation or detoxification program

EASTERN AND ALTERNATIVE HEALTH CARE

The awareness and use of bioenergy, also called ch'I , prana, or life force, is extremely important

Views of illness and disease in eastern medicine

disharmony, imbalance, or defect of energy in the body

Views on illness in eastern medicine

deviation from normal, health function

Views on symptoms in eastern medicine

warning signs that the body is trying to heal itself but needs help

Views on the cause of illness in eastern medicine

anything that interferes with the balance and movement of bioenergy

Traditional Chinese medicine treatments

Acupuncture
Acupressure

Acupuncture

practice of inserting fine needles into carefully selected points along meridians, energy pathways, in the body

Indications for acupuncture

low back pain, neck pain, migraine and tension headaches, and carpal tunnel syndrome; reduces chemo-induced nausea and vomiting in cancer patients

Acupressure

blend of acupuncture and pressure and is part of traditional Chinese medicine

Safety for acupuncture and pressure

Patients taking anticoagulant medications should inform the acupuncturist before beginning treatment because bleeding can occur

Precautions prior to acupuncture and pressure treatments

--Check to see if they are either a doctor/chiropractor or if they have a license
--Check to see what the reviews of facility care

MIND-BODY CONNECTION

-Focus on the need to treat the cause of illness rather than focusing on symptom relief and removal
-Preventative care vs crisis care
-Looks at the whole person rather than just the diseased part

Founder of Chiropractic medicine

DD Palmer

When was chiropractic medicine founded

1895

Literal meaning of chiropractic

done by hand

chiropractic medicine

Manipulation of spine to relieve pressure on the nerves

Belief on illness in chiropractic medicine

results from neuromusculoskeletal dysfunction

Patients who can receive chiropractic treatment

--People with neuromuscular complaints: headaches, joint pain, neck/back pain
--Arthritis, tendonitis, spraints and strains

How is chiropractic treatment given

Hands on "adjusting"

Patients who cannot receive chiropractic treatment

Osteoporosis, cancer, or those who have undergone back surgery need to tell chiropractic practitioner about those things prior to treatment

Founder of homeopathic medicine

Samuel Hahnemann

Principles of homeopathic medicine

"like cures like" - tiny doses of a substance that create the symptoms of disease in a healthy person will relieve those symptoms in a sick person

naturopathic medicine

nutrition, herbs, hydrotherapy, counseling, physical medicine, and homeopathy to treat disease, promote healing, and prevent illness

American Indian medicine

-Community-based system
-Rituals and practices

Practices in American Indian medicine

Sweat lodge, herbal remedies, the medicine wheel, the sacred hoop, the "sing" and shamanistic healing

Osteopathic medicine founder

Andre Taylor Still

Principles of osteopathic medicine

-Interrelationship of the body's nerves, muscles, bones, and organs
-Involves treating the whole person

Practices of osteopathic medicine

Recognizes the body's ability to heal itself, and stresses the importance of diet, exercise, and fitness with a focus on prevention

Indications for Aloe vera

Skin problems; some drink it for overall health

Contraindications for Aloe vera

Orally has a laxative effect that may cause cramping and diarrhea

Indications for capsaicin

Medicated creams/lotions for tenderness and pain of osteoarthritis; fibromyalgia, diabetic neuropathy, an shingles

Contraindications for capsaicin

Burning sensation when applied

Indications for coenzyme Q10

Naturally replace coenzyme in heart, liver, kidney, and pancreas that decreases with aging

Contraindications for coenzyme Q10

Interacts with Anticoagulant drugs such as warfarin

Indications for chamomile

Treat anxiety, induce sleep, and relieve upset stomach

Contraindications for chamomile

Part of Ragweed family, can cause allergic reaction in those sensitive to ragweed

Indications for cranberry

Reduces recurrent UTI in pregnant women and in elderly hospitalized patients

Contraindications for cranberry

Interacts with Anticoagulant medication causing increased bruising and bleeding

Indications for Echinacea

Antiviral agent to prevent/eliminate cold, flu, and other infections

Contraindications for echinacea

Slow metabolism of caffeine leading to nervousness and jittery feelings

Indications for feverfew

Anti-inflammatory; migraine headaches, fever suppression and menstrual cramps

Contraindications for feverfew

Interacts with Anticoagulants and antiplatelet medications

Indications for garlic

Reduce total cholesterol and bad cholesterol over a short period of time

Contraindications for garlic

Interacts with blood thinners, antiplatelet drugs, and HIV antiviral medications

Indications for ginger

Relieve nausea and vomiting of pregnancy for short periods of time (large amounts may be unsafe for baby); motion sickness

Contraindications for ginger

Interaction with blood thinners

Indications for gingko

Memory enhancement and dementia and to increase blood flow to brain

Contraindications for gingko

Interacts with meds metabolized by liver, should not be used with seizure medications, blood thinners, or diabetic medications

Indications for ginseng

Lower bad cholesterol and protect heart; helps lower BS in DM2; help boost immune system

Contraindications for ginseng

May interact with blood thinners, blood pressure medications and diabetic medications

Indications for melatonin

Insomnia, jet lag, shift-work sleep disorders

Contraindications for melatonin

May interact with sleeping pills, antihistamines, and opioids, may cause BS to increase and interfere with diabetes medications

Indications for peppermint

Combined with caraway oil- treating heartburn; may improve IBS, decrease spasms with endoscopic procedures

Contraindications for peppermint

Avoid taking with abx and antifungals, iron supplements, and medicine to reduce stomach acid

Indications for saw palmetto

Enlarged prostate in men; improve symptoms of difficult urination

Contraindications for saw palmetto

Do not take with Proscar; can interact with warfarin, estrogen , and birth control pills

Indications for Soy

Helps decrease cholesterol/lipoproteins; improve acute diarrhea in infants, decrease menopausal symptoms

Contraindications for soy

Interacts with anticoagulants, antiplatelet medications, NSAIDS; may interact with BP and DM medications

Indications for st johns wart

Mild to moderate depression

Contraindications for st johns wart

Interacts with anti-anxiety medications; should not be taken with valerian or muscle relaxers

Indications for valerian

Treat insomnia; improves quality of sleep and helps decrease time it takes to fall asleep

Contraindications for valerian

Interacts with muscle relaxers, sleeping medications, pain meds, and antidepressants

Relaxation therapies

Progressive muscle relaxation
Guided imagery
Biofeedback

Progressive muscle relaxation

Alternately tensing and relaxing muscle groups in a systematic manner

Guided imagery

Using mental images to promote physical healing or changes in attitudes or behaviors

Biofeedback

--"third tier" to progressive relaxation
--Used for conditions aggravated by stress, such as asthma, migraines, insomnia, and high blood pressure

Yoga

-Mind-body intervention used to decrease the negative effects of stress through the use of breathing exercises, physical postures, and meditation
-Ideas of harmony, health, and balance

Hatha yoga

slow-paced and gentle, taking the practitioner through basic yoga poses

Ashtanga yoga

more fast-paced and intense. It requires the practitioner to change quickly from one pose to another, always following the same order

Power yoga

follows similar principles to ashtanga yoga but does not necessarily follow the same set of Ashtanga poses.

Iyenger Yoga

use of props such as blocks, straps, and blankets and concerned with proper body alignment in each pose, as well as holding the poses for long periods of time

Bikram Yoga

"hot yoga" is performed in a studio heated to 105 degrees F with 40% humidity. This is a vigorous yoga done in 90 minute sessions and involves 26 postures. It increases the heart rate and involves vigorous muscle use

Massage

Application of stroking, pressure, friction, and kneading to muscles and other soft tissues to relax muscle and decrease stress

Advantages of massage

--Relieve muscle tension and stress
--Stimulates the circulatory system
--Stimulating the body to produce endorphins

Swedish massage

features long, flowing strokes; kneading; vibration; and compression

Shiatsu massage

Japanese-style massage that uses thumb pressure to work along energy meridians similar to acupressure

Reflexology massage

thumb and fingers to stimulate pressure points on the feet

Deep tissue massage

more vigorous, strenuous massage with focused pressure applied to tightened muscle areas and trigger points

Sports massage

targets muscles/ muscle groups that may be strained or injured during sports and vigorous exercise

Contraindications for massage

history of blood clots in the legs or lungs, cancerous tumor that has not been removed, certain heart conditions or irregular heartbeat, certain neck and back surgeries, and severe osteoporosis

Aquatherapy

Sitting in a warm tub can help your muscles relax but also can help decrease your mental stress

Three reasons aqua therapy feels good

warmth, water movement causing massage, and buoyancy

Warm application

sooth sore muscles and dilate vessels in a localized area

Cold application

can help numb an area

Reasons to take probiotics

aid in healthy digestion or to treat constipation/ infectious diarrhea

Must be done prior to taking probiotics

Discuss usage with HCP

Aromatherapy

The therapeutic use of plant aromas for beauty and health treatment.